IELTS Reading 28: Short-Answer Questions — Finding the Exact Word-Limit Answer

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  1. IELTS Reading 28: Short-Answer Questions — Finding the Exact Word-Limit Answer

Short-Answer Questions nima?

Sizga to'g'ridan-to'g'ri savollar beriladi — odatda WH-savol (What? Who? Where? When? How many? Why?) — va siz ularga matndagi so'z(lar) bilan qisqa javob berasiz. Bu Completion'ning eng "tabiiy" ko'rinishi: bo'sh joy emas, haqiqiy savol.

💡 Yaxshi xabar: qoidalar Completion bilan bir xil — matndan AYNAN so'z, so'z chegarasi (masalan NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS), imlo muhim, javoblar matn tartibida. Faqat forma boshqa: savolga javob.

Sirli qurol: savol so'zi javob turini aytadi

Har WH-savol so'zi sizga qanday javob kerakligini oldindan aytadi — bu miyangizga aniq nishon beradi. Skan qilishdan oldin savol so'zini o'qing:

Who? → odam/guruh/kasb (ism, "the architect", "farmers")

What? → narsa/tushuncha (ot)

Where? → joy ("in the north", "underground")

When? → vaqt/sana ("in 1901", "during winter")

How many / How much? → son/miqdor ("forty", "two-thirds")

Why? → sabab (ehtiyot bo'ling — sabab uzun bo'lishi mumkin, so'z chegarasiga siqing)

📌 Eslatma: savolda ham langar so'z (ism, sana, atama) bo'ladi — u sizni matndagi to'g'ri joyga olib boradi. Savol turi "qanday" javobligini, langar so'z esa "qayerda" ekanini aytadi.

Usul — bosqichma-bosqich

1-qadam. Savol so'zini aniqlang (Who/What/When...) → qanday javob turi kerakligini ayting.

2-qadam. Savoldan langar so'z tanlab, matndan o'sha joyni skan qilib toping.

3-qadam. O'sha joyni o'qib, savolga to'g'ridan-to'g'ri javob beradigan so'z(lar)ni toping. Savol paraphrase qilingan bo'ladi, javob matnda aynan turadi.

4-qadam. Javobni AYNAN ko'chiring (imlo!), so'z chegarasini tekshiring — ortiqcha so'z qo'shmang, to'liq jumla yozmang.

⚠️ Diqqat — eng ko'p uchraydigan xato: to'liq jumla bilan javob berish. Savol "How many workers?" bo'lsa, javob "There were about forty workers" emas — faqat "forty" (yoki "about forty"). Ortiqcha so'z = so'z chegarasidan oshish = xato.

Namuna — savol so'zi kuchda

Matn: "The Eden Project, a series of giant greenhouses built inside a disused clay pit in Cornwall, opened to the public in 2001. It was designed by the architect Nicholas Grimshaw, and within a year it had become one of Britain's most visited attractions."

Savol: Who designed the Eden Project? (NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS)

Bashorat: "Who" → odam (ism). Langar: "designed" / "Eden Project". Matn: "designed by the architect Nicholas Grimshaw" — javob Nicholas Grimshaw (2 so'z, chegaraga to'g'ri). "the architect Nicholas Grimshaw" deb yozsangiz — 3 so'z, chegaradan oshadi. Faqat ismni oling.

Amaliyot 1. Savol "When did the factory close?" va so'z chegarasi NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER. Qaysi javob shakli TO'G'RI?

Amaliyot 2. Matn: "Honeybees communicate the location of food through a movement known as the waggle dance, first decoded by the Austrian scientist Karl von Frisch in the 1940s." Savol: What is the name of the movement bees use to share the location of food? (NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS) Javob?

Amaliyot 3. Short-answer savoliga javob topishning eng samarali birinchi qadami qaysi?

Completion'dan farqi bormi?

Deyarli yo'q — qoidalar bir xil. Bitta amaliy farq: short-answer savol bo'lgani uchun, savol so'zi (WH) javob turini ochiq beradi. Completion'da esa bo'sh joy atrofidagi grammatikadan turni o'zingiz chiqarasiz. Shuning uchun short-answer ko'pincha biroz osonroq — savol sizga yordam beradi.

📝 Namuna — bir matn, ikki forma:
Completion: "The waggle dance was first decoded in the ______." → 1940s
Short-answer: "When was the waggle dance first decoded?" → in the 1940s
Ikkovi ham bir javobga olib keladi — faqat forma boshqa.

Kalit so'zlar — Key vocabulary

a short-answer question
qisqa javobli savol
a WH-question
WH-savol (who/what/when...)
to decode
shifrini ochmoq, aniqlamoq
a disused pit
tashlandiq kon/chuqur
an attraction
diqqatga sazovor joy
falling demand
talabning pasayishi
a greenhouse
issiqxona
to communicate
aloqa qilmoq, yetkazmoq

Xulosa

  • Short-answer = WH-savolga matndan qisqa javob; qoidalar Completion bilan bir xil.
  • Savol so'zi javob turini aytadi: Who=odam, When=vaqt, How many=son.
  • Langar so'z bilan matndagi joyni toping; javob matnda aynan turadi.
  • To'liq jumla YOZMANG — so'z chegarasidan oshsa, javob noto'g'ri.
  • Matndan aynan ko'chiring, o'z so'zingiz emas; imloni tekshiring; javoblar matn tartibida.
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Qisqa javobli savollar (Short-Answer Questions)
  1. IELTS Reading 28: Short-Answer Questions — Finding the Exact Word-Limit Answer