Two Canals, One Fall

11-hikoya, jami 15 ta

Hikoyani tinglang

Highlighted words are key vocabulary — tap one to see its translation. Colors show the part of speech:

Verb Adjective Adverb Expression

The two irrigation canals east of the village were dug in different decades by different teams, and on the profile drawing pinned up in the water office they look like one shape copied twice.

The older channel is 2.4 kilometres long and drops six metres from the intake to the last field. The newer one is 3.2 kilometres long and drops eight. Those look like different numbers until you do the only division that matters: both canals fall one metre in every four hundred metres of length.

That is not a coincidence. Water moving too slowly leaves silt behind; water moving too fast eats the bank. The water engineer who set out the second canal in 1994 copied the gradient of the first exactly, because forty years of use had proved it right.

Because the two channels have the same gradient, they run side by side and the gap between them never changes. Anyone walking the service path can see it: 90 metres apart at the intake, 90 metres apart at the far end, 90 metres apart everywhere in between.

The office keeps one warning on the wall for new surveyors. If a proposed branch is drawn at even a slightly different fall, the two lines are no longer parallel — and a channel that slowly converges on its neighbour will, sooner or later, meet it.

On this plain that has happened twice, and both times it flooded the same three fields.

Matndagi atamalar

Kartani bosing — taʼrifi chiqadi.

canals
ariq, kanal
decades
oʻn yilliklar
profile drawing
tuproq surati; yon koʻrinish
intake
suv olish joyi
coincidence
tasodif
silt
loyqa, choʻkma
bank
qirgʻoq
water engineer
suv xoʻjaligi muhandisi
gradient
nishablik
service path
xizmat yoʻli
surveyors
oʻlchovchi, geodezist
converges
yaqinlashmoq
plain
pasttekislik

Qoida va formulalar

Matnda ishlatilgan matematik qoida.

falls one metre in every four hundred

Har toʻrt yuz metrga bir metr pasayadi — nishablikning soʻz bilan aytilishi. Ikki ariqda bu nisbat bir xil boʻlsa, ular parallel.

  • Each canal falls one metre in every four hundred.

run side by side

Yonma-yon boradi. Parallel chiziqlarning kundalik tildagi tavsifi: oralaridagi masofa oʻzgarmaydi.

  • The two channels run side by side for three kilometres.

the same gradient

Bir xil nishablik (qiyalik). Uzunliklari har xil boʻlishi mumkin — muhimi nisbat.

  • Different lengths, but the same gradient.

Tekshirib koʻring

Matnni oʻqing, keyin hisoblang. Javobni bosib tekshiring.

1. What do the two canals have in common?

2. How far apart are the two canals at the far end?

3. Why does the office warn surveyors about a slightly different fall?