SAT R&W 22: The Function of One Underlined Sentence

O'qish Matn tuzilishi va maqsadi (Text Structure and Purpose) 3-dars, jami 5
Shu mavzudagi darslar · 3/5
  1. SAT R&W 20: Overall Structure vs Main Purpose — Two Different Questions
  2. SAT R&W 21: Naming the Shape of a Text
  3. SAT R&W 22: The Function of One Underlined Sentence
  4. 4 SAT R&W 23: Structure Words as Signposts (however, in fact, for instance, ultimately)
  5. 5 SAT R&W 24: Text Structure and Purpose — Mixed Practice

Bitta jumlaning vazifasi

Bu savol turi ekranda shunday keladi: matn ichida bitta jumlaning tagi chizilgan, va savol — What is the main purpose of the underlined sentence? yoki Which choice best describes the function of the underlined sentence in the text as a whole?

Bu yerda bitta qoida hamma narsani hal qiladi:

📝 Namuna:

Javob tagi chizilgan jumlaning ichida emas — uning qo'shnilarida. «Vazifa» degani — bu jumla o'zidan oldingi va keyingi jumlalar uchun nima qilyapti. Yolg'iz o'qilgan jumla hech qanday vazifaga ega emas.

⏱ ~55 soniya

Usul — «o'chirish sinovi»

1. Oldingi jumlani o'qing va nomlang. Nima qildi? Da'vo qildimi, savol qo'ydimi, fakt berdimi?

2. Keyingi jumlani o'qing va nomlang. U nima qilyapti?

3. O'chirish sinovi. Tagi chizilgan jumlani xayolan o'chiring. Matn nimani yo'qotadi? O'sha yo'qolgan narsa — jumlaning vazifasi.

4. Vazifani fe'l bilan ayting. «dalil keltiradi», «da'voni cheklaydi», «e'tirozni oldindan aytadi», «keyingi qismga o'tkazadi».

💡 Maslahat: 3-qadam — o'chirish sinovi — bu turdagi eng kuchli quroling. Agar jumlani o'chirganingizda matn hech nimani yo'qotmasa, demak siz uning vazifasini noto'g'ri tushungansiz: SAT vazifasiz jumlaning tagini chizmaydi.

Eng ko'p uchraydigan vazifalar

VazifaBelgisi
Da'voni bayon qiladiMatnning asosiy fikri, qolgani uni ko'taradi
Dalil keltiradiRaqam, tadqiqot, misol — oldingi da'voni ko'tarish uchun
Da'voni cheklaydi (qualifies)although · only · in some cases · does not prove
E'tirozni tan oladi (concedes)admittedly · to be sure · it is true that
Muammoni qo'yadiKeyingi jumlalar unga javob beradi
Atamani tushuntiradiTa'rif yoki qayta ifodalash
Qarama-qarshilikni ko'rsatadiKutilgan va haqiqiy natijani yonma-yon qo'yadi
O'tish yasaydiBir mavzuni yopib, ikkinchisini ochadi
⚠️ Tuzoq: Eng ko'p uchraydigan noto'g'ri javob: jumlaning mazmunini qayta aytish. «U termitlar uyasining ichidagi havo harakatini tasvirlaydi» — bu rost bo'lishi mumkin, lekin bu vazifa emas, bu shunchaki tarjima. Vazifa har doim jumlaning matndagi ishini aytadi.

Ishlangan namuna

Advertisements for memory-training apps often cite studies showing that users improve at the exercises the apps contain. Improvement on a trained task, however, is the one result such a study is guaranteed to produce. The question that matters is whether the gain shows up anywhere else — in recalling a shopping list, say, or a name — and on that question the evidence has so far been thin.

What is the main purpose of the underlined sentence?

  1. It explains how memory-training apps are designed.
  2. It points out that the evidence being cited cannot show what it is being used to suggest.
  3. It concedes that memory-training apps produce genuine benefits.
  4. It introduces a study that contradicts the advertisers' claims.

1-qadam — oldingi jumla: reklamalar tadqiqotlarga havola qiladi (foydalanuvchilar mashqlarda yaxshilanadi).

2-qadam — keyingi jumla: «asl savol — bu foyda boshqa joyda ko'rinadimi», va dalil kam.

3-qadam — o'chirish sinovi: tagi chizilgan jumlani olib tashlasak, reklamaning dalili bilan mualliflarning shubhasi o'rtasida bo'shliq qoladi. Yo'qolgan narsa — nega o'sha dalil hech nimani isbotlamasligi. Vazifa: keltirilgan dalilning kuchsizligini ko'rsatish.

TO‘G‘RIIt points out that the evidence being cited cannot show what it is being used to suggest — aynan o'chirish sinovi topgan bo'shliq. is guaranteed to produce — «bu natija baribir chiqadi», ya'ni u hech nimani isbotlamaydi.
TUZOQIt explains how memory-training apps are designed — mazmunni qayta aytish tuzog'i, va u ham noto'g'ri: jumla ilovaning tuzilishi haqida emas, tadqiqotning tuzilishi haqida.
TUZOQIt concedes that memory-training apps produce genuine benefits — teskari. Jumla foydani tan olmayapti — u foyda deb ko'rsatilgan narsa avtomatik natija ekanini aytyapti. however so'zi yo'nalishni allaqachon aytib turibdi.
TUZOQIt introduces a study that contradicts the advertisers' claims — yarim to'g'ri: jumla reklamachilarga qarshi. Lekin u birorta yangi tadqiqotni keltirmaydi — u mavjud tadqiqotlarning mantiqi haqida gapiryapti. Ikkinchi yarmi o'ylab topilgan.

Restoring a wetland is usually described as putting the water back. In practice the water is the easy part. The seed bank in the soil, which determines what will actually grow, may have been destroyed decades earlier by ploughing. Projects that flood a drained field and wait often get reed and little else, and restoration teams now budget for replanting from the beginning.

What is the main purpose of the underlined sentence?

The manuscript's marginal notes have been read as a reader's objections to the text. They are written in three distinct hands, however, and one of them also appears in the main body. A scribe correcting his own work leaves a different kind of trace from a reader arguing with a book, and the two have probably been confused here.

Which choice best describes the function of the underlined sentence in the text as a whole?

Anvar's grandmother had refused a telephone for thirty years, and when one was finally installed she used it as though each call cost a day's wages. She would state her business in a single sentence, wait for the answer, and hang up before it was finished. Anvar found this comic until he understood that she was sparing the person at the other end, who might have work to get back to.

What is the main purpose of the underlined sentence?

The comet was photographed on four nights in 1861 and has not been seen since. Its orbit, calculated from those four positions alone, carries an uncertainty of several decades at the far end of the loop. Astronomers hoping to recover it therefore search a window of years rather than a date, and a failure to find it in any particular season proves very little.

What is the main purpose of the underlined sentence?

Kalit so'zlar — Key vocabulary

the function of a sentence
jumlaning matndagi vazifasi
to qualify a claim
da'voni cheklamoq, yumshatmoq
to concede
tan olmoq, yon bermoq
an obstacle
to'siq
a reinterpretation
qayta talqin
to rest on ~
~ ga tayanmoq
guaranteed to produce
baribir chiqadigan, muqarrar natija
to spare someone
kimnidir ayamoq, ovora qilmaslik

Xulosa

  • Javob jumlaning ichida emas — qo'shnilarida.
  • O'chirish sinovi: jumlani olib tashlang; matn nimani yo'qotsa — o'sha uning vazifasi.
  • Vazifani fe'l bilan ayting: dalil keltiradi, cheklaydi, e'tirozni tan oladi, o'tkazadi.
  • Eng ko'p tuzoq: mazmunni qayta aytish (vazifa emas).
  • Adabiy parchada: jumla harakat beradi, qo'shnilari talqin qiladi.
Rivojlanishni kuzatish uchun kiring
Oldingi SAT R&W 21: Naming the Shape of a Text
Keyingi SAT R&W 23: Structure Words as Signposts (however, in fact, for instance, ultimately)
Matn tuzilishi va maqsadi (Text Structure and Purpose)
  1. SAT R&W 20: Overall Structure vs Main Purpose — Two Different Questions
  2. SAT R&W 21: Naming the Shape of a Text
  3. SAT R&W 22: The Function of One Underlined Sentence
  4. 4 SAT R&W 23: Structure Words as Signposts (however, in fact, for instance, ultimately)
  5. 5 SAT R&W 24: Text Structure and Purpose — Mixed Practice