English

English, Class - 4: To be

To talk about identity, location, age, feelings, and descriptions

May 26, 2026

7 3 min 0

The Heartbeat of English: The Verb "To Be" ❤️‍🔥

In English, we use the verb "To Be" to talk about identity, location, age, feelings, and descriptions. It doesn't show an action (like running or jumping); it shows a state of existence.(Ingliz tilida biz "To Be" fe'lini shaxsiyat, joylashuv, yosh, his-tuyg'ular va tasvirlar haqida gapirish uchun ishlatamiz. U harakatni emas (masalan, yugurish yoki sakrash), holatni ko'rsatadi.)

1. Present Tense (Hozirgi zamon: am, is, are) 🕰️

Depending on the subject (who is doing the "being"), this verb changes into three different masks in the present tense: am, is, are.(Egaga qarab, bu fe'l hozirgi zamonda uch xil niqob kiyadi: am, is, are.)

I ➡️ am (I am a student. / Men talabaman.)
He / She / It ➡️ is (She is my friend. / U mening do'stim.)
We / You / They ➡️ are (They are in Tashkent. / Ular Toshkentda.)

💡 The Shortcut: Contractions (Qisqartmalar) In spoken English, native speakers almost always squish the subject and verb together using an apostrophe (').
I am ➡️ I'm
She is ➡️ She's
We are ➡️ We're

2. Past Tense (O'tgan zamon: was, were) ⏪

When we jump back in time, "am", "is", and "are" transform into just two words: was and were.(O'tgan zamonga qaytganimizda, "am", "is" va "are" faqat ikkita so'zga aylanadi: was va were.)

I / He / She / It ➡️ was (He was at home yesterday. / U kecha uyda edi.)
We / You / They ➡️ were (We were happy. / Biz xursand edik.)

3. Negatives: Just Add "NOT" (Inkor: Shunchaki "NOT" qo'shing) 🛑

Making a sentence negative is incredibly easy. Just put the word NOT directly after the verb.(Gapni inkor qilish juda oson. Shunchaki NOT so'zini to'g'ridan-to'g'ri fe'ldan keyin qo'ying.)

Present: I am not tired. (Men charchagan emasman.)
Present: He is not (He isn't) a doctor. (U shifokor emas.)
Past: They were not (They weren't) at school. (Ular maktabda emas edilar.)

4. Questions: The "Flip" Trick (Savollar: O'rnini almashtirish usuli) 🔄

To ask a yes/no question, you do not need any extra question words. You simply flip the subject and the verb!(Tasdiq/inkor savol berish uchun sizga hech qanday qo'shimcha so'roq so'zlari kerak emas. Shunchaki ega va fe'lning o'rnini almashtirasiz!)

Statement: You are ready.
Question: Are you ready? (Tayyormisiz?)
Statement: She was late.
Question: Was she late? (U kech qoldimi?)

🚨 Extreme Cases & Common Confusions (Muhim holatlar va adashmovchiliklar) 🚨

Pay close attention here! These are the traps where 90% of beginners make mistakes because they translate directly from their native language.(Bu yerga diqqat qiling! Bular boshlang'ich o'rganuvchilarning 90 foizi o'z ona tilidan to'g'ridan-to'g'ri tarjima qilgani uchun tushadigan qopqonlardir.)

⚠️ Trap 1: Talking About Age (Yosh haqida gapirish)

In many languages (and sometimes conceptually in Uzbek), you "have" years. In English, you ARE your age. You never use the verb "have" for age!(Ko'p tillarda siz yoshga "ega bo'lasiz". Ingliz tilida esa siz o'z yoshingiz SIZ. Yosh uchun hech qachon "have" (ega bo'lmoq) fe'lini ishlatmang!)

❌ Wrong: I have 25 years.
✅ Correct: I am 25 years old. (Men 25 yoshdaman.)
❌ Wrong: How many years do you have?
✅ Correct: How old are you? (Yoshingiz nechada?)

⚠️ Trap 2: Feelings and Physical States (His-tuyg'ular va jismoniy holatlar)

When you feel hungry, thirsty, hot, or cold, English uses the verb "To Be".(Siz ochqaganingizda, chanqaganingizda, isib ketganingizda yoki sovuq qotganingizda, ingliz tili "To Be" fe'lidan foydalanadi.)

❌ Wrong: I feel hunger / I have hunger.
✅ Correct: I am hungry. (Men ochman.)
✅ Correct: She is cold. (U sovuq qotyapti.)

⚠️ Trap 3: "There is" vs "There are" (Bor/Mavjud)

To say that something exists in a location, we use There is (for singular nouns) and There are (for plural nouns).(Biron joyda narsa borligini (mavjudligini) aytish uchun biz There is (birlikdagi otlar uchun) va There are (ko'plikdagi otlar uchun) dan foydalanamiz.)