Grammar bank · Grammatika bazasi

116 grammar patterns for IELTS — meaning, where it attaches, examples and the near-synonyms you keep mixing up.

Qanday ishlatiladi: bitta grammatikani qidirsangiz — yuqoridagi qidiruvdan yozing. Bir-biriga o‘xshash grammatikalarni solishtirish uchun “Ma’nosi bo‘yicha” ko‘rinishiga o‘ting: bir xil ma’noli barcha shakllar (masalan, hamma sabab grammatikalari) yonma-yon turadi. Har qatordagi “Batafsil” ni bosing — namunalar, farqi va tez-tez qilinadigan xatolar ochiladi.
Ko‘rinish
Turi bo‘yicha Ma’nosi bo‘yicha (sinonimlar)
Band daraja
Band 5 5 Band 5.5 15 Band 6 25 Band 6.5 31 Band 7 22 Band 7.5+ 18
Ma’no guruhi
Sabab — Cause 2 Natija — Result & consequence 3 Qarama-qarshilik — Contrast 5 Qarshi qo‘yish — Concession 3 Shart — Condition 8 Vaqt va ketma-ketlik — Time & sequence 15 Maqsad — Purpose 3 Qiyoslash — Comparison 7 O‘zgarish va tendensiya — Trend & change 2 Daraja va miqdor — Degree & quantity 10 Ehtiyotkor fikr — Hedging 5 Ta’kid — Emphasis 5 Misol keltirish — Exemplification 1 Umumlashtirish — Summarising 1 Ishora va o‘rin bosish — Reference 3 Sanash va qo‘shish — Listing & addition 4 Taxmin — Speculation 3 Majburiyat va ruxsat — Obligation 7 Imkoniyat — Possibility & ability 1 Ko‘chirma gap — Reported speech 2 Baho va munosabat — Attitude 1 Gap bo‘lagi — Sentence element 25
Grammatik turi
Zamonlar — Tenses & aspect 14 Modal fe’llar — Modals 12 Ergash gaplar — Clauses 12 Shart gaplar — Conditionals 11 Majhul nisbat va nominalizatsiya — Passive 8 Artikl va aniqlovchilar — Articles & determiners 11 Predloglar — Prepositions 11 Qiyoslash shakllari — Comparison 9 Fe’l qoliplari — Gerunds & infinitives 8 Bog‘lash vositalari — Linking & cohesion 12 Murakkab tuzilmalar — Advanced structures 8
4 / 116 shown Filtrlarni tozalash

Sanash va qo‘shish — Listing & addition

4 ta
Grammatika Daraja Ma’nosi Qo‘shilishi Namuna O‘xshashlari
both / either / neither ★★☆ 4 ikkitalik — «ikkalasi, ikkisidan biri, ikkalasi ham emas» both + plural · either/neither + singular Both urban and rural areas experienced a decline in population. Ham shahar, ham qishloq hududlarida aholi soni kamaydi. all / every / each
Batafsil — namunalar, farqi, xatolar

Shakl qoidasi

both + ko‘plik (both countries are) · either / neither + birlik (neither country is) · juftlangan shakl: both … and · either … or · neither … nor.

Izoh — qachon ishlatiladi

Task 1 da ikki chiziqni bitta gapda birlashtirish uchun ideal: Both figures rose steadily, although neither reached the 2005 level.

⚠️ Tez-tez qilinadigan xato

❌ Neither of them are correct → rasmiy yozuvda ✅ is correct.

❌ Both of the two countries → ✅ Both countries — both ning o‘zida «ikkala» bor.

Namunalar

  • Both urban and rural areas experienced a decline in population. Ham shahar, ham qishloq hududlarida aholi soni kamaydi.

O‘xshashlaridan farqi

To‘liq sahifasi
moreover / furthermore ★★☆ 3 qo‘shimcha dalil — «bundan tashqari, qolaversa» Moreover, + S + V Furthermore, congestion charges generate revenue for public transport. Qolaversa, tirbandlik yig‘imlari jamoat transporti uchun daromad keltiradi. firstly / secondly / finally not only … but also
Batafsil — namunalar, farqi, xatolar

Shakl qoidasi

Moreover / Furthermore / In addition / What is more — jumla boshida vergul bilan. In addition to + ot/-ing (bu — predlogli shakl, boshqa qolip).

Izoh — qachon ishlatiladi

⚠️ Eng ko‘p suiiste’mol qilinadigan bog‘lovchilar shu. Tekshiruvchi har xatboshi Moreover bilan boshlanganini darrov sezadi va buni «mexanik» deb baholaydi. Bitta inshoda 1-2 marta yetadi; qolganida gapni mazmun bilan bog‘lang (This is not the only concern…).

⚠️ Tez-tez qilinadigan xato

❌ In addition of the cost → ✅ In addition to the cost · ❌ Beside, … → ✅ Besides, …

Namunalar

  • Furthermore, congestion charges generate revenue for public transport. Qolaversa, tirbandlik yig‘imlari jamoat transporti uchun daromad keltiradi.

O‘xshashlaridan farqi

To‘liq sahifasi
firstly / secondly / finally ★★☆ 2 tartib bilan sanash — «birinchidan, ikkinchidan, nihoyat» Firstly, + S + V Firstly, urban expansion destroys farmland; secondly, it increases commuting times. Birinchidan, shaharlarning kengayishi ekin maydonlarini yo‘q qiladi; ikkinchidan, qatnov vaqtini oshiradi. moreover / furthermore in conclusion / overall
Batafsil — namunalar, farqi, xatolar

Shakl qoidasi

Firstly / Secondly / Thirdly / Finally — jumla boshida vergul bilan. Lastly ham to‘g‘ri; At last — ❌ (u «nihoyat, kutib» degani).

Izoh — qachon ishlatiladi

Ikki dalilli xatboshida bu ketma-ketlik strukturani aniq qiladi. Lekin butun insho Firstly… Secondly… Thirdly… bo‘lib qolsa, matn ro‘yxatga aylanadi — Coherence bahosi tushadi. Ba’zilarini mazmuniy o‘tish bilan almashtiring: A further concern is…

⚠️ Tez-tez qilinadigan xato

❌ At first, education is important → ✅ Firstly, … (at first = «dastlab, keyin o‘zgardi»).

Namunalar

  • Firstly, urban expansion destroys farmland; secondly, it increases commuting times. Birinchidan, shaharlarning kengayishi ekin maydonlarini yo‘q qiladi; ikkinchidan, qatnov vaqtini oshiradi.

O‘xshashlaridan farqi

To‘liq sahifasi
not only … but also ★★☆ 5 ikki dalilni birlashtirish — «nafaqat ..., balki ... ham» not only + X but also + Y Cycling not only reduces congestion but also improves public health. Velosipedda yurish nafaqat tirbandlikni kamaytiradi, balki jamoat salomatligini ham yaxshilaydi. moreover / furthermore inversion
Batafsil — namunalar, farqi, xatolar

Shakl qoidasi

Ikki tarafda bir xil turdagi bo‘lak turishi shart: ot + ot, fe’l + fe’l (❌ not only cheap but also it saves time). Gap boshida kelsa inversiya talab qiladi: Not only does it save money, but it also reduces emissions.

Izoh — qachon ishlatiladi

Ikki foydani bitta gapda berish — ixcham va ta’sirchan. Inversiyali shakli Band 7.5+ belgisi, lekin does/did/is ni to‘g‘ri qo‘yish shart.

⚠️ Tez-tez qilinadigan xato

❌ Not only it saves money… → ✅ Not only does it save money…

Namunalar

  • Cycling not only reduces congestion but also improves public health. Velosipedda yurish nafaqat tirbandlikni kamaytiradi, balki jamoat salomatligini ham yaxshilaydi.

O‘xshashlaridan farqi

To‘liq sahifasi