it is said that / X is thought to
manbasi aytilmagan da’vo — «aytilishicha, hisoblanadi»
Qanday yasaladi
It is said/believed/thought that + gap · S + is said to + V
Ikki shakl bir ma’noni beradi: It is believed that smoking causes… = Smoking is believed to cause…. Ikkinchisi ixchamroq va akademikroq.
Namunalar — Examples
Air travel is widely believed to be the fastest-growing source of emissions.
Havo transporti chiqindilarning eng tez o‘sib borayotgan manbai deb hisoblanadi.
Izoh — qachon ishlatiladi
«Odamlar aytishadi» degan gapni akademik qiladi. Task 2 da umumiy qarashni keltirib, keyin unga qarshi chiqish uchun qulay: Homework is widely believed to improve results, yet research suggests otherwise.
⚠️ Tez-tez qilinadigan xato
❌ People say that… / Some people think that… — bu Band 5-6 darajasidagi ifoda. Majhul shaklga o‘ting.
O‘xshash shakllar va farqi
| the passive | bu — majhul nisbatning ko‘chirma gapdagi maxsus qolipi |
| it is often argued that | argued = bahsli fikr; believed/thought = keng tarqalgan qarash |