Grammar bank · Grammatika bazasi

116 grammar patterns for IELTS — meaning, where it attaches, examples and the near-synonyms you keep mixing up.

Qanday ishlatiladi: bitta grammatikani qidirsangiz — yuqoridagi qidiruvdan yozing. Bir-biriga o‘xshash grammatikalarni solishtirish uchun “Ma’nosi bo‘yicha” ko‘rinishiga o‘ting: bir xil ma’noli barcha shakllar (masalan, hamma sabab grammatikalari) yonma-yon turadi. Har qatordagi “Batafsil” ni bosing — namunalar, farqi va tez-tez qilinadigan xatolar ochiladi.
Ko‘rinish
Turi bo‘yicha Ma’nosi bo‘yicha (sinonimlar)
Band daraja
Band 5 5 Band 5.5 15 Band 6 25 Band 6.5 31 Band 7 22 Band 7.5+ 18
Ma’no guruhi
Sabab — Cause 2 Natija — Result & consequence 3 Qarama-qarshilik — Contrast 5 Qarshi qo‘yish — Concession 3 Shart — Condition 8 Vaqt va ketma-ketlik — Time & sequence 15 Maqsad — Purpose 3 Qiyoslash — Comparison 7 O‘zgarish va tendensiya — Trend & change 2 Daraja va miqdor — Degree & quantity 10 Ehtiyotkor fikr — Hedging 5 Ta’kid — Emphasis 5 Misol keltirish — Exemplification 1 Umumlashtirish — Summarising 1 Ishora va o‘rin bosish — Reference 3 Sanash va qo‘shish — Listing & addition 4 Taxmin — Speculation 3 Majburiyat va ruxsat — Obligation 7 Imkoniyat — Possibility & ability 1 Ko‘chirma gap — Reported speech 2 Baho va munosabat — Attitude 1 Gap bo‘lagi — Sentence element 25
Grammatik turi
Zamonlar — Tenses & aspect 14 Modal fe’llar — Modals 12 Ergash gaplar — Clauses 12 Shart gaplar — Conditionals 11 Majhul nisbat va nominalizatsiya — Passive 8 Artikl va aniqlovchilar — Articles & determiners 11 Predloglar — Prepositions 11 Qiyoslash shakllari — Comparison 9 Fe’l qoliplari — Gerunds & infinitives 8 Bog‘lash vositalari — Linking & cohesion 12 Murakkab tuzilmalar — Advanced structures 8
3 / 116 shown Filtrlarni tozalash

Maqsad — Purpose

3 ta
Grammatika Daraja Ma’nosi Qo‘shilishi Namuna O‘xshashlari
so that / in order that ★★☆ 4 maqsad — «... bo‘lishi uchun» S + V + so that + S + can/will + V Schools provide free meals so that no child studies on an empty stomach. Maktablar bepul ovqat beradi, toki hech bir bola och qorinda o‘qimasin. in order to / so as to
Batafsil — namunalar, farqi, xatolar

Shakl qoidasi

so that + to‘liq gap, odatda ichida can / could / will / would: …so that people can access services. ❌ so that to access.

Izoh — qachon ishlatiladi

Maqsadni ikki xil ayting va takrorlanishdan qoching: to + fe’l (ixcham) · in order to (rasmiy) · so that + gap (ega o‘zgarganda majburiy).

Ega o‘zgarsa faqat so that ishlaydi: The city built cycle lanes so that residents could commute safely.

⚠️ Tez-tez qilinadigan xato

❌ Governments should subsidise buses for reduce congestion. → ✅ to reduce / in order to reduce congestion.

Namunalar

  • Schools provide free meals so that no child studies on an empty stomach. Maktablar bepul ovqat beradi, toki hech bir bola och qorinda o‘qimasin.

O‘xshashlaridan farqi

To‘liq sahifasi
in case ★☆☆ 5 ehtiyot chorasi — «... bo‘lib qolsa deb, oldindan» S + V + in case + S + V (present) Cities are building flood defences in case sea levels rise faster than expected. Shaharlar dengiz sathi kutilganidan tez ko‘tarilishi ehtimoliga qarshi to‘g‘onlar qurmoqda. the first conditional
Batafsil — namunalar, farqi, xatolar

Shakl qoidasi

in case + present simple — kelasi zamon ishlatilmaydi. ⚠️ in case ≠ if: if = shart bajarilgach qilamiz; in case = shart bajarilishi mumkinligi uchun oldindan qilamiz.

Izoh — qachon ishlatiladi

Take an umbrella in case it rains = yomg‘ir yog‘masidan OLDIN olib chiqasiz. Take an umbrella if it rains = yog‘gandan keyin olasiz. Bu farq Listening’da savol bo‘lib keladi.

Namunalar

  • Cities are building flood defences in case sea levels rise faster than expected. Shaharlar dengiz sathi kutilganidan tez ko‘tarilishi ehtimoliga qarshi to‘g‘onlar qurmoqda.

O‘xshashlaridan farqi

To‘liq sahifasi
in order to / so as to ★★★ 4 maqsad — «... qilish uchun» in order to + V · so as to + V Many governments subsidise renewables in order to cut their dependence on imports. Ko‘p hukumatlar importga qaramlikni kamaytirish uchun qayta tiklanuvchi energiyani subsidiyalaydi. so that / in order that
Batafsil — namunalar, farqi, xatolar

Shakl qoidasi

to + fe’l (eng oddiy) · in order to + fe’l (rasmiy) · so as to + fe’l (rasmiy). Inkor shakli faqat uzun variantlarda: in order not to / so as not to (❌ not to yolg‘iz).

Izoh — qachon ishlatiladi

Ega bir xil bo‘lsa — in order to; ega o‘zgarsa — so that + gap. Bu ikkisini to‘g‘ri tanlash Band 7 belgisi:

The city introduced a toll in order to reduce traffic. (bir ega)
The city introduced a toll so that residents could breathe cleaner air. (ega o‘zgardi)

⚠️ Tez-tez qilinadigan xato

❌ for reduce congestion / ❌ for reducing congestion (maqsad ma’nosida) → ✅ to reduce congestion.

Namunalar

  • Many governments subsidise renewables in order to cut their dependence on imports. Ko‘p hukumatlar importga qaramlikni kamaytirish uchun qayta tiklanuvchi energiyani subsidiyalaydi.

O‘xshashlaridan farqi

To‘liq sahifasi