Grammar bank · Grammatika bazasi

116 grammar patterns for IELTS — meaning, where it attaches, examples and the near-synonyms you keep mixing up.

Qanday ishlatiladi: bitta grammatikani qidirsangiz — yuqoridagi qidiruvdan yozing. Bir-biriga o‘xshash grammatikalarni solishtirish uchun “Ma’nosi bo‘yicha” ko‘rinishiga o‘ting: bir xil ma’noli barcha shakllar (masalan, hamma sabab grammatikalari) yonma-yon turadi. Har qatordagi “Batafsil” ni bosing — namunalar, farqi va tez-tez qilinadigan xatolar ochiladi.
Ko‘rinish
Turi bo‘yicha Ma’nosi bo‘yicha (sinonimlar)
Band daraja
Band 5 5 Band 5.5 15 Band 6 25 Band 6.5 31 Band 7 22 Band 7.5+ 18
Ma’no guruhi
Sabab — Cause 2 Natija — Result & consequence 3 Qarama-qarshilik — Contrast 5 Qarshi qo‘yish — Concession 3 Shart — Condition 8 Vaqt va ketma-ketlik — Time & sequence 15 Maqsad — Purpose 3 Qiyoslash — Comparison 7 O‘zgarish va tendensiya — Trend & change 2 Daraja va miqdor — Degree & quantity 10 Ehtiyotkor fikr — Hedging 5 Ta’kid — Emphasis 5 Misol keltirish — Exemplification 1 Umumlashtirish — Summarising 1 Ishora va o‘rin bosish — Reference 3 Sanash va qo‘shish — Listing & addition 4 Taxmin — Speculation 3 Majburiyat va ruxsat — Obligation 7 Imkoniyat — Possibility & ability 1 Ko‘chirma gap — Reported speech 2 Baho va munosabat — Attitude 1 Gap bo‘lagi — Sentence element 25
Grammatik turi
Zamonlar — Tenses & aspect 14 Modal fe’llar — Modals 12 Ergash gaplar — Clauses 12 Shart gaplar — Conditionals 11 Majhul nisbat va nominalizatsiya — Passive 8 Artikl va aniqlovchilar — Articles & determiners 11 Predloglar — Prepositions 11 Qiyoslash shakllari — Comparison 9 Fe’l qoliplari — Gerunds & infinitives 8 Bog‘lash vositalari — Linking & cohesion 12 Murakkab tuzilmalar — Advanced structures 8
2 / 116 shown Filtrlarni tozalash

Bog‘lash vositalari — Linking & cohesion

2 ta
Grammatika Daraja Ma’nosi Qo‘shilishi Namuna O‘xshashlari
this / such + noun (referencing) ★★☆ 5 ishora bilan bog‘lash — «bu tendensiya, bunday choralar» This/These/Such + summarising noun Cities have banned older vehicles. Such measures have cut emissions considerably. Shaharlar eski transport vositalarini taqiqladi. Bunday choralar chiqindilarni sezilarli kamaytirdi. the former / the latter nominalisation
Batafsil — namunalar, farqi, xatolar

Shakl qoidasi

this / these / such + umumlashtiruvchi ot: this trend, this shift, these measures, such policies, this phenomenon. ⚠️ Yolg‘iz This is… noaniq — otni albatta qo‘shing.

Izoh — qachon ishlatiladi

Coherence & Cohesion bahosining eng kam ishlatiladigan quroli. Bog‘lovchi so‘z qo‘shmasdan xatboshilarni ulaydi va bir vaqtning o‘zida oldingi fikrni umumlashtiradi:

More families are moving to the suburbs. This trend has placed pressure on rural infrastructure.

⚠️ Tez-tez qilinadigan xato

❌ It is a big problem (nima «it»?) → ✅ This shortage is a serious problem.

Namunalar

  • Cities have banned older vehicles. Such measures have cut emissions considerably. Shaharlar eski transport vositalarini taqiqladi. Bunday choralar chiqindilarni sezilarli kamaytirdi.

O‘xshashlaridan farqi

To‘liq sahifasi
the former / the latter ★☆☆ 6 avvalgisi / keyingisi — ikkitadan qaysi biriga ishora the former … the latter … Both nuclear and solar power were expanded, though the latter grew far faster. Ham yadro, ham quyosh energiyasi kengaytirildi, biroq ikkinchisi ancha tez o‘sdi. this / such + noun (referencing)
Batafsil — namunalar, farqi, xatolar

Shakl qoidasi

the former = birinchi tilga olingani · the latter = ikkinchisi. Faqat ikkita narsa bo‘lganda ishlaydi; uchta bo‘lsa the first / the last deyiladi.

Izoh — qachon ishlatiladi

Otni takrorlamaslikning eng akademik yo‘li: Students can choose between vocational and academic courses; the former leads to employment more quickly, while the latter offers broader options.

Bir inshoda bir marta — noto‘g‘ri ishlatilsa, o‘quvchi adashadi.

Namunalar

  • Both nuclear and solar power were expanded, though the latter grew far faster. Ham yadro, ham quyosh energiyasi kengaytirildi, biroq ikkinchisi ancha tez o‘sdi.

O‘xshashlaridan farqi

To‘liq sahifasi