Vocabulary bank · Lug‘at bazasi

167 words for IELTS — meaning, root family, collocations, an example and the synonym/antonym pair.

spect So‘z oilalari — 31 ta ildiz spect = «qaramoq» ni bilsangiz — inspect, spectator, perspective, prospect, spectacular ni ham tushunasiz. Bitta ildiz — o‘nlab so‘z.

Akademik til — Academic language

6 ta

So‘z	Daraja	Ma’nosi	O‘zak · birikma	Namuna	Sinonim · antonim
imply im- + ply (buklamoq) ★★☆	5	ishora qilmoq, nazarda tutmoq — ochiq aytmasdan bildirmoq Fe’l — Verb	this implies that · the implications of · far-reaching implications	These findings imply that current policies are inadequate. Bu natijalar hozirgi siyosat yetarli emasligiga ishora qiladi.	infer
Batafsil — namunalar, izoh, so‘z oilasi Izoh Oti — implication (oqibat, ma’no): the policy has serious implications for* low-income families* — bu Task 2 uchun juda kuchli birikma. Ko‘p uchraydigan birikmalar this implies that · the implications of · far-reaching implications Namunalar These findings imply that current policies are inadequate. Bu natijalar hozirgi siyosat yetarli emasligiga ishora qiladi. Bog‘liq so‘zlar Sinonim — Synonym infer — imply = muallif ishora qiladi; infer = o‘quvchi xulosa chiqaradi To‘liq sahifasi
underestimate under- + estimate ★☆☆	5	past baholamoq — haqiqiy qiymatidan kam deb hisoblamoq Fe’l — Verb	under-(under- (ing.) — yetarli emas) should not be underestimated · widely underestimated	The environmental cost of air travel is often underestimated. Havo transportining ekologik narxi ko‘pincha past baholanadi.	overestimate
Batafsil — namunalar, izoh, so‘z oilasi Izoh Tayyor qolip: The importance of early education should not be underestimated. — xulosada juda yaxshi ishlaydi. Ko‘p uchraydigan birikmalar should not be underestimated · widely underestimated So‘z o‘zagi under-(under- (ing.) — yetarli emas) — kam — yetarli emas, ostida shu o‘zakli so‘zlar → Namunalar The environmental cost of air travel is often underestimated. Havo transportining ekologik narxi ko‘pincha past baholanadi. Bog‘liq so‘zlar Antonim — Antonym overestimate — over- = ortiqcha baholash; under- = kam baholash To‘liq sahifasi
justify just + -ify ★★☆	5	asoslamoq, oqlamoq — sababini ko‘rsatib to‘g‘riligini isbotlamoq Fe’l — Verb	-ise/-ify(-izein (yun.) / -ficare (lat.) — fe’l yasovchi) difficult to justify · justify the cost · justification for	It is hard to justify subsidising an industry that pollutes so heavily. Shunchalik ko‘p ifloslantiruvchi tarmoqni subsidiyalashni oqlash qiyin.
Batafsil — namunalar, izoh, so‘z oilasi Izoh Bahsda kuchli tuzilma: Such spending is difficult to justify* when hospitals are underfunded.* Oti — justification. Ko‘p uchraydigan birikmalar difficult to justify · justify the cost · justification for So‘z o‘zagi -ise/-ify(-izein (yun.) / -ficare (lat.) — fe’l yasovchi) — fe’l yasovchi — «... ga aylantirmoq» shu o‘zakli so‘zlar → Namunalar It is hard to justify subsidising an industry that pollutes so heavily. Shunchalik ko‘p ifloslantiruvchi tarmoqni subsidiyalashni oqlash qiyin. Bog‘liq so‘zlar Bog‘liq so‘z — Related word advocate — justify = sababini ko‘rsatish; advocate = yoqlab chiqish To‘liq sahifasi
evaluate ★★☆	5	baholamoq — qiymatini yoki samarasini o‘lchamoq Fe’l — Verb	evaluate the effectiveness of · a thorough evaluation	Governments rarely evaluate the long-term impact of these schemes. Hukumatlar bunday dasturlarning uzoq muddatli ta’sirini kamdan-kam baholaydi.
Batafsil — namunalar, izoh, so‘z oilasi Izoh Task 2 da chorani baholashda: It is difficult to evaluate* the effectiveness of such policies.* Ko‘p uchraydigan birikmalar evaluate the effectiveness of · a thorough evaluation Namunalar Governments rarely evaluate the long-term impact of these schemes. Hukumatlar bunday dasturlarning uzoq muddatli ta’sirini kamdan-kam baholaydi. Bog‘liq so‘zlar Bog‘liq so‘z — Related word analyse — analyse = tahlil; evaluate = baho To‘liq sahifasi
address ★★★	5	hal qilishga kirishmoq — muammo bilan shug‘ullanmoq Fe’l — Verb	address the problem · address the root cause · needs to be addressed	Any lasting solution must address the underlying economic causes. Har qanday barqaror yechim asosdagi iqtisodiy sabablarni hal qilishi kerak.	tackle
Batafsil — namunalar, izoh, so‘z oilasi Izoh «Manzil» emas! Task 2 da muammoga qaratilgan harakat: These policies fail to address* the root cause of the problem.* — qarshi dalilni tanqid qilishning eng qulay yo‘li. Ko‘p uchraydigan birikmalar address the problem · address the root cause · needs to be addressed Namunalar Any lasting solution must address the underlying economic causes. Har qanday barqaror yechim asosdagi iqtisodiy sabablarni hal qilishi kerak. Bog‘liq so‘zlar Sinonim — Synonym tackle — tackle = biroz og‘zakiroq va faolroq; address = akademik To‘liq sahifasi
distinguish ★☆☆	5	farqlamoq — bir-biridan ajratmoq Fe’l — Verb	distinguish between X and Y · a clear distinction	It is important to distinguish between correlation and causation. Bog‘liqlik bilan sababiyatni farqlash muhim.
Batafsil — namunalar, izoh, so‘z oilasi Izoh Qolipi: distinguish between A and B. Oti — distinction: It is important to draw a distinction between* …* Ko‘p uchraydigan birikmalar distinguish between X and Y · a clear distinction Namunalar It is important to distinguish between correlation and causation. Bog‘liqlik bilan sababiyatni farqlash muhim. Bog‘liq so‘zlar Bog‘liq so‘z — Related word compare — distinguish = farqni ko‘rsatish; compare = ikkalasini qiyoslash To‘liq sahifasi

Grafik va raqamlar — Data & trends (Task 1)

7 ta

So‘z	Daraja	Ma’nosi	O‘zak · birikma	Namuna	Sinonim · antonim
project pro- + ject ★★☆	5	prognoz qilmoq — «oldinga tashlamoq» Fe’l — Verb	ject(iacere (lat.) — otmoq) projected to rise · projected figures · population projections	The urban population is projected to double by 2050. Shahar aholisi 2050-yilga borib ikki baravar ko‘payishi prognoz qilinmoqda.	forecast
Batafsil — namunalar, izoh, so‘z oilasi Izoh Task 1 uchun juda muhim: grafik kelajakni ko‘rsatsa, is projected to* reach…* deb yozing. Ot sifatida urg‘u boshqa: PROject = loyiha. Ko‘p uchraydigan birikmalar projected to rise · projected figures · population projections So‘z o‘zagi ject(iacere (lat.) — otmoq) — otmoq — irg‘itmoq, tashlamoq shu o‘zakli so‘zlar → Namunalar The urban population is projected to double by 2050. Shahar aholisi 2050-yilga borib ikki baravar ko‘payishi prognoz qilinmoqda. Bog‘liq so‘zlar Sinonim — Synonym forecast — forecast = rasmiy bashorat (ob-havo, iqtisod); project = mavjud tendensiyani davom ettirib hisoblash To‘liq sahifasi
exceed ex- + ceed ★★☆	5	oshib ketmoq — belgilangan chegaradan yuqori bo‘lmoq Fe’l — Verb	ced/cess(cedere (lat.) — yurmoq, chekinmoq) exceed the limit · exceed expectations · exceed 50%	Pollution levels regularly exceed international safety limits. Ifloslanish darajasi muntazam ravishda xalqaro xavfsizlik chegarasidan oshib ketadi.	surpass
Batafsil — namunalar, izoh, so‘z oilasi Izoh Task 1 da raqamni takrorlamasdan berish uchun: The figure exceeded* 60% for the first time in 2010.* Ko‘p uchraydigan birikmalar exceed the limit · exceed expectations · exceed 50% So‘z o‘zagi ced/cess(cedere (lat.) — yurmoq, chekinmoq) — yurmoq — bormoq, o‘tmoq shu o‘zakli so‘zlar → Namunalar Pollution levels regularly exceed international safety limits. Ifloslanish darajasi muntazam ravishda xalqaro xavfsizlik chegarasidan oshib ketadi. Bog‘liq so‘zlar Sinonim — Synonym surpass — surpass = boshqasidan ustun chiqmoq (poyga ohangi); exceed = belgilangan chegaradan oshmoq To‘liq sahifasi
soar ★★☆	5	keskin ko‘tarilmoq — juda tez va baland o‘smoq Fe’l — Verb	prices soared · soaring demand · soar to a peak	House prices soared between 2003 and 2007 before collapsing. Uy narxlari 2003-2007 yillarda keskin ko‘tarildi, so‘ng qulab tushdi.	plummet surge
Batafsil — namunalar, izoh, so‘z oilasi Izoh Eng kuchli o‘sish fe’li — faqat haqiqatan keskin ko‘tarilish uchun ishlating. Kichik o‘sishga qo‘llasangiz, ma’lumotni noto‘g‘ri talqin qilgan bo‘lasiz va ball yo‘qotasiz. Ko‘p uchraydigan birikmalar prices soared · soaring demand · soar to a peak Namunalar House prices soared between 2003 and 2007 before collapsing. Uy narxlari 2003-2007 yillarda keskin ko‘tarildi, so‘ng qulab tushdi. Bog‘liq so‘zlar Antonim — Antonym plummet — soar = keskin KO‘TARILISH; plummet = keskin PASAYISH Sinonim — Synonym surge — surge = to‘lqinsimon keskin o‘sish (ko‘pincha qisqa muddatli); soar = uzoq va baland ko‘tarilish To‘liq sahifasi
plummet ★★☆	5	keskin pasaymoq — tik tushmoq Fe’l — Verb	sales plummeted · plummet to a low of · a plummeting share	Newspaper circulation plummeted after the arrival of online news. Onlayn yangiliklar paydo bo‘lgach, gazeta tirajlari keskin tushib ketdi.	soar
Batafsil — namunalar, izoh, so‘z oilasi Izoh plunge, collapse, slump bilan bir oila. Yumshoqroq varianti — decline, o‘rtacha — drop. Ko‘p uchraydigan birikmalar sales plummeted · plummet to a low of · a plummeting share Namunalar Newspaper circulation plummeted after the arrival of online news. Onlayn yangiliklar paydo bo‘lgach, gazeta tirajlari keskin tushib ketdi. Bog‘liq so‘zlar Antonim — Antonym soar — plummet = tik pasayish; soar = tik ko‘tarilish To‘liq sahifasi
fluctuate ★★★	5	tebranmoq — goh ko‘tarilib, goh tushib turmoq Fe’l — Verb	fluctuate between X and Y · considerable fluctuation · fluctuate wildly	Oil prices fluctuated considerably throughout the decade. Neft narxlari o‘n yillik davomida sezilarli tebranib turdi.	remain stable
Batafsil — namunalar, izoh, so‘z oilasi Izoh Notekis chiziq uchun yagona to‘g‘ri fe’l. Chiziq bir necha marta yuqoriga-pastga ketsa, uni «o‘sdi» yoki «tushdi» deb aytmang: The figure fluctuated between* 20 and 30 units.* Oti — fluctuation. Ko‘p uchraydigan birikmalar fluctuate between X and Y · considerable fluctuation · fluctuate wildly Namunalar Oil prices fluctuated considerably throughout the decade. Neft narxlari o‘n yillik davomida sezilarli tebranib turdi. Bog‘liq so‘zlar Antonim — Antonym remain stable — fluctuate = tebranadi; remain stable = o‘zgarmaydi To‘liq sahifasi
halve ★☆☆	5	yarmiga tushmoq / kamaytirmoq Fe’l — Verb	halve emissions · numbers halved · fall by half	The government aims to halve carbon emissions within a decade. Hukumat o‘n yil ichida uglerod chiqindilarini ikki barobar qisqartirishni maqsad qilgan.	double
Batafsil — namunalar, izoh, so‘z oilasi Izoh Talaffuzi «hav» — l o‘qilmaydi (Speaking uchun). Muqobil: fall by half, drop to half. Ko‘p uchraydigan birikmalar halve emissions · numbers halved · fall by half Namunalar The government aims to halve carbon emissions within a decade. Hukumat o‘n yil ichida uglerod chiqindilarini ikki barobar qisqartirishni maqsad qilgan. Bog‘liq so‘zlar Antonim — Antonym double — halve = yarmiga; double = ikki baravarga To‘liq sahifasi
overtake ★★☆	5	ortda qoldirmoq — ilgarilab ketmoq Fe’l — Verb	over-(over- (ing.) — ortiqcha) overtake in 2005 · was overtaken by · surpass	By 2012 China had overtaken the United States as the largest emitter. 2012-yilga kelib Xitoy eng yirik chiqindi manbai sifatida AQShni ortda qoldirdi.	exceed
Batafsil — namunalar, izoh, so‘z oilasi Izoh Ikki chiziq kesishgan joyni tasvirlaydi — Task 1 da bu nuqtani albatta aytish kerak: Solar power overtook* coal in 2018.* Ko‘p uchraydigan birikmalar overtake in 2005 · was overtaken by · surpass So‘z o‘zagi over-(over- (ing.) — ortiqcha) — ortiqcha — haddan tashqari, ustidan shu o‘zakli so‘zlar → Namunalar By 2012 China had overtaken the United States as the largest emitter. 2012-yilga kelib Xitoy eng yirik chiqindi manbai sifatida AQShni ortda qoldirdi. Bog‘liq so‘zlar Sinonim — Synonym exceed — exceed = chegaradan oshmoq; overtake = boshqasini ortda qoldirmoq To‘liq sahifasi

Ish va kasb — Work & careers

1 ta

So‘z	Daraja	Ma’nosi	O‘zak · birikma	Namuna	Sinonim · antonim
supervise super- + vis ★☆☆	5	nazorat qilmoq — ustidan qarab turmoq Fe’l — Verb	vid/vis(videre (lat.) — ko‘rmoq) supervise students · under supervision · a supervisor	Young children should be supervised when using the internet. Yosh bolalar internetdan foydalanayotganda nazorat ostida bo‘lishi kerak.	monitor
Batafsil — namunalar, izoh, so‘z oilasi Izoh Bolalar va texnologiya mavzusida kerak: children should be supervised* online. Oti — supervision. Ko‘p uchraydigan birikmalar supervise students · under supervision · a supervisor So‘z o‘zagi vid/vis(videre (lat.) — ko‘rmoq)* — ko‘rmoq — nazar solmoq shu o‘zakli so‘zlar → Namunalar Young children should be supervised when using the internet. Yosh bolalar internetdan foydalanayotganda nazorat ostida bo‘lishi kerak. Bog‘liq so‘zlar Sinonim — Synonym monitor — monitor = muntazam kuzatib borish; supervise = mas’ul bo‘lib qarash To‘liq sahifasi

Fan va texnologiya — Science & technology

2 ta

So‘z	Daraja	Ma’nosi	O‘zak · birikma	Namuna	Sinonim · antonim
transmit trans- + mit ★☆☆	5	uzatmoq — bir joydan boshqasiga yubormoq (signal, kasallik, bilim) Fe’l — Verb	mit/miss(mittere (lat.) — yubormoq) transmit data · transmit a disease · transmission of knowledge	Traditions are transmitted from one generation to the next. An’analar bir avloddan ikkinchisiga o‘tkaziladi.
Batafsil — namunalar, izoh, so‘z oilasi Izoh Uch sohada ishlaydi: texnologiya (transmit data), tibbiyot (transmitted through contact) va madaniyat (transmit traditions to the next generation). Ko‘p uchraydigan birikmalar transmit data · transmit a disease · transmission of knowledge So‘z o‘zagi mit/miss(mittere (lat.) — yubormoq) — yubormoq — jo‘natmoq, qo‘yib yubormoq shu o‘zakli so‘zlar → Namunalar Traditions are transmitted from one generation to the next. An’analar bir avloddan ikkinchisiga o‘tkaziladi. Bog‘liq so‘zlar Bog‘liq so‘z — Related word emission — bir ildiz — «yubormoq» To‘liq sahifasi
extract ex- + tract ★☆☆	5	qazib olmoq, ajratib olmoq — «tashqariga tortmoq» Fe’l — Verb	tract(trahere (lat.) — tortmoq) extract minerals · extract data · extraction of resources	Extracting minerals on this scale damages fragile ecosystems. Bunday miqyosda qazilma qazib olish nozik ekotizimlarga zarar yetkazadi.
Batafsil — namunalar, izoh, so‘z oilasi Izoh Tabiiy resurslar mavzusida: extract fossil fuels. Reading’da esa matndan ma’lumot «ajratib olish» ma’nosida uchraydi. Ko‘p uchraydigan birikmalar extract minerals · extract data · extraction of resources So‘z o‘zagi tract(trahere (lat.) — tortmoq) — tortmoq — sudramoq, cho‘zmoq shu o‘zakli so‘zlar → Namunalar Extracting minerals on this scale damages fragile ecosystems. Bunday miqyosda qazilma qazib olish nozik ekotizimlarga zarar yetkazadi. Bog‘liq so‘zlar Bog‘liq so‘z — Related word attract — bir ildiz — «tortmoq» To‘liq sahifasi

Hukumat va siyosat — Government & politics

1 ta

So‘z	Daraja	Ma’nosi	O‘zak · birikma	Namuna	Sinonim · antonim
implement ★★★	5	amalga oshirmoq, joriy etmoq (siyosat, chora) Fe’l — Verb	implement a policy · implementation of · fully implemented	The measures were implemented gradually over a five-year period. Choralar besh yillik davr mobaynida bosqichma-bosqich joriy etildi.	introduce
Batafsil — namunalar, izoh, so‘z oilasi Izoh Task 2 yechim qismining asosiy fe’li: Governments should implement* stricter emissions standards.* Oti — implementation. Ko‘p uchraydigan birikmalar implement a policy · implementation of · fully implemented Namunalar The measures were implemented gradually over a five-year period. Choralar besh yillik davr mobaynida bosqichma-bosqich joriy etildi. Bog‘liq so‘zlar Sinonim — Synonym introduce — introduce = birinchi marta kiritish; implement = to‘liq amalga oshirish To‘liq sahifasi