Vocabulary bank

Akademik til — Academic language

22 ta

So‘z	Daraja	Ma’nosi	O‘zak · birikma	Namuna	Sinonim · antonim
conduct con- + duct ★★★	4	o‘tkazmoq (tadqiqot, so‘rov) — «birga yetaklamoq» Fe’l — Verb	duc/duct(ducere (lat.) — yetaklamoq) conduct research · conduct a survey · conduct an experiment	The study was conducted over a period of five years. Tadqiqot besh yil davomida o‘tkazildi.
Batafsil — namunalar, izoh, so‘z oilasi Izoh Akademik yozuvda do a research ❌ o‘rniga aynan shu ishlatiladi: conduct research ✅. Ot sifatida urg‘u o‘zgaradi: CONduct = xulq-atvor. Ko‘p uchraydigan birikmalar conduct research · conduct a survey · conduct an experiment So‘z o‘zagi duc/duct(ducere (lat.) — yetaklamoq) — yetaklamoq — olib bormoq, boshqarmoq shu o‘zakli so‘zlar → Namunalar The study was conducted over a period of five years. Tadqiqot besh yil davomida o‘tkazildi. Bog‘liq so‘zlar Bog‘liq so‘z — Related word productivity — bir ildiz: conduct = olib bormoq; produce = ishlab chiqarmoq To‘liq sahifasi
support sup- + port ★★★	3	qo‘llab-quvvatlamoq; dalil bilan tasdiqlamoq Fe’l — Verb	port(portare (lat.) — tashimoq) support an argument · financial support · evidence supports	Recent data support the claim that remote work reduces commuting. So‘nggi ma’lumotlar masofaviy ish qatnovni kamaytiradi degan fikrni tasdiqlaydi.	advocate
Batafsil — namunalar, izoh, so‘z oilasi Izoh «Ostidan ko‘tarmoq» ma’nosidan. Akademik yozuvda ikkinchi ma’nosi muhimroq: These findings support* the view that…* Ko‘p uchraydigan birikmalar support an argument · financial support · evidence supports So‘z o‘zagi port(portare (lat.) — tashimoq) — tashimoq — olib yurmoq, ko‘tarmoq shu o‘zakli so‘zlar → Namunalar Recent data support the claim that remote work reduces commuting. So‘nggi ma’lumotlar masofaviy ish qatnovni kamaytiradi degan fikrni tasdiqlaydi. Bog‘liq so‘zlar Sinonim — Synonym advocate — support = umumiy qo‘llash; advocate = ochiq targ‘ib qilish To‘liq sahifasi
reject re- + ject ★★☆	3	rad etmoq — «orqaga otmoq» Fe’l — Verb	ject(iacere (lat.) — otmoq) reject a proposal · reject the argument · outright rejection	Parliament rejected the proposal by a narrow margin. Parlament taklifni oz farq bilan rad etdi.	advocate
Batafsil — namunalar, izoh, so‘z oilasi Izoh Task 2 da qarshi fikrni rad etish uchun: This argument should be rejected* on two grounds.* Ko‘p uchraydigan birikmalar reject a proposal · reject the argument · outright rejection So‘z o‘zagi ject(iacere (lat.) — otmoq) — otmoq — irg‘itmoq, tashlamoq shu o‘zakli so‘zlar → Namunalar Parliament rejected the proposal by a narrow margin. Parlament taklifni oz farq bilan rad etdi. Bog‘liq so‘zlar Antonim — Antonym advocate — reject = rad etmoq; advocate = yoqlamoq To‘liq sahifasi
infer in- + fer ★☆☆	6	xulosa chiqarmoq — bevosita aytilmagan narsani anglab olmoq Fe’l — Verb	fer(ferre (lat.) — olib kelmoq) infer from the data · it can be inferred that · make an inference	It can be inferred from the data that demand will continue to fall. Ma’lumotlardan talab pasayishda davom etadi degan xulosa chiqarish mumkin.	imply
Batafsil — namunalar, izoh, so‘z oilasi Izoh Reading’ning kalit so‘zi. «True/False/Not Given» va «Yes/No/Not Given» savollari aynan shu ko‘nikmani tekshiradi: matnda yozilmagan, lekin mantiqan kelib chiqadigan narsa. Ko‘p uchraydigan birikmalar infer from the data · it can be inferred that · make an inference So‘z o‘zagi fer(ferre (lat.) — olib kelmoq) — olib kelmoq — ko‘chirmoq, keltirmoq shu o‘zakli so‘zlar → Namunalar It can be inferred from the data that demand will continue to fall. Ma’lumotlardan talab pasayishda davom etadi degan xulosa chiqarish mumkin. Bog‘liq so‘zlar Sinonim — Synonym imply — infer = O‘QUVCHI xulosa chiqaradi; imply = MUALLIF ishora qiladi To‘liq sahifasi
imply im- + ply (buklamoq) ★★☆	5	ishora qilmoq, nazarda tutmoq — ochiq aytmasdan bildirmoq Fe’l — Verb	this implies that · the implications of · far-reaching implications	These findings imply that current policies are inadequate. Bu natijalar hozirgi siyosat yetarli emasligiga ishora qiladi.	infer
Batafsil — namunalar, izoh, so‘z oilasi Izoh Oti — implication (oqibat, ma’no): the policy has serious implications for* low-income families* — bu Task 2 uchun juda kuchli birikma. Ko‘p uchraydigan birikmalar this implies that · the implications of · far-reaching implications Namunalar These findings imply that current policies are inadequate. Bu natijalar hozirgi siyosat yetarli emasligiga ishora qiladi. Bog‘liq so‘zlar Sinonim — Synonym infer — imply = muallif ishora qiladi; infer = o‘quvchi xulosa chiqaradi To‘liq sahifasi
describe de- + scribe ★★☆	2	tasvirlamoq, ta’riflamoq Fe’l — Verb	scrib/script(scribere (lat.) — yozmoq) describe a trend · as described above · a detailed description	The chart describes changes in household spending over two decades. Diagramma ikki o‘n yillikdagi uy xarajatlari o‘zgarishini tasvirlaydi.
Batafsil — namunalar, izoh, so‘z oilasi Izoh Task 1 topshirig‘ining o‘zida turadi: Summarise the information and report the main features — ya’ni describe qiling, izohlamang. Ko‘p uchraydigan birikmalar describe a trend · as described above · a detailed description So‘z o‘zagi scrib/script(scribere (lat.) — yozmoq) — yozmoq — qayd qilmoq shu o‘zakli so‘zlar → Namunalar The chart describes changes in household spending over two decades. Diagramma ikki o‘n yillikdagi uy xarajatlari o‘zgarishini tasvirlaydi. Bog‘liq so‘zlar Bog‘liq so‘z — Related word illustrate — describe = so‘z bilan tasvirlash; illustrate = misol/grafik bilan ko‘rsatish To‘liq sahifasi
contradict contra- + dict ★☆☆	6	zid kelmoq, rad etmoq — «qarshi aytmoq» Fe’l — Verb	dict(dicere (lat.) — aytmoq) contradict the evidence · a contradiction · contradictory findings	The latest data contradict the assumption that rural incomes are falling. So‘nggi ma’lumotlar qishloq daromadlari kamayyapti degan taxminga zid keladi.	support
Batafsil — namunalar, izoh, so‘z oilasi Izoh Bahsli dalillarni taqqoslashda: These results contradict* earlier studies.* Oti — contradiction. Ko‘p uchraydigan birikmalar contradict the evidence · a contradiction · contradictory findings So‘z o‘zagi dict(dicere (lat.) — aytmoq) — aytmoq — so‘zlamoq, buyurmoq shu o‘zakli so‘zlar → Namunalar The latest data contradict the assumption that rural incomes are falling. So‘nggi ma’lumotlar qishloq daromadlari kamayyapti degan taxminga zid keladi. Bog‘liq so‘zlar Antonim — Antonym support — contradict = zid kelmoq; support = tasdiqlamoq To‘liq sahifasi
recognise re- + cogn + -ise ★★☆	3	tan olmoq; tanimoq Fe’l — Verb	cogn/sci(cognoscere / scire (lat.) — bilmoq) widely recognised · recognise the importance of · recognition	Governments increasingly recognise the value of vocational training. Hukumatlar kasbiy ta’limning qadrini tobora ko‘proq tan olmoqda.
Batafsil — namunalar, izoh, so‘z oilasi Izoh Britaniya imlosi -ise, amerikacha -ize — imtihonda bittasini tanlab, oxirigacha shuni saqlang. Oti — recognition. Ko‘p uchraydigan birikmalar widely recognised · recognise the importance of · recognition So‘z o‘zagi cogn/sci(cognoscere / scire (lat.) — bilmoq) — bilmoq — anglamoq, tanimoq shu o‘zakli so‘zlar → Namunalar Governments increasingly recognise the value of vocational training. Hukumatlar kasbiy ta’limning qadrini tobora ko‘proq tan olmoqda. Bog‘liq so‘zlar Bog‘liq so‘z — Related word cognitive — bir ildiz — «bilmoq» To‘liq sahifasi
overlook over- + look ★☆☆	6	e’tibordan chetda qoldirmoq — sezmay o‘tib ketmoq Fe’l — Verb	over-(over- (ing.) — ortiqcha) overlook the fact that · an often overlooked factor · easily overlooked	Such policies overlook the needs of families on low incomes. Bunday siyosat kam daromadli oilalarning ehtiyojlarini e’tibordan chetda qoldiradi.
Batafsil — namunalar, izoh, so‘z oilasi Izoh Qarshi fikrning kamchiligini ko‘rsatishning eng ixcham yo‘li: This argument overlooks* the cost to rural communities.* Ko‘p uchraydigan birikmalar overlook the fact that · an often overlooked factor · easily overlooked So‘z o‘zagi over-(over- (ing.) — ortiqcha) — ortiqcha — haddan tashqari, ustidan shu o‘zakli so‘zlar → Namunalar Such policies overlook the needs of families on low incomes. Bunday siyosat kam daromadli oilalarning ehtiyojlarini e’tibordan chetda qoldiradi. Bog‘liq so‘zlar Bog‘liq so‘z — Related word undermine — overlook = e’tibor bermaslik; undermine = asosini yemirish To‘liq sahifasi
undermine under- + mine (qazmoq) ★★☆	6	asosini yemirmoq, kuchsizlantirmoq Fe’l — Verb	under-(under- (ing.) — yetarli emas) undermine confidence · undermine the argument · seriously undermined	Excessive testing can undermine students’ motivation to learn. Haddan ortiq imtihon o‘quvchilarning o‘rganish ishtiyoqini yemirishi mumkin.
Batafsil — namunalar, izoh, so‘z oilasi Izoh «Ostidan qazimoq» — sekin-asta zaiflashtirish. Bahsda juda kuchli: Cheap imports undermine* local producers.* Ko‘p uchraydigan birikmalar undermine confidence · undermine the argument · seriously undermined So‘z o‘zagi under-(under- (ing.) — yetarli emas) — kam — yetarli emas, ostida shu o‘zakli so‘zlar → Namunalar Excessive testing can undermine students’ motivation to learn. Haddan ortiq imtihon o‘quvchilarning o‘rganish ishtiyoqini yemirishi mumkin. Bog‘liq so‘zlar Bog‘liq so‘z — Related word overlook — juftlik: over- va under- qo‘shimchalari To‘liq sahifasi
underestimate under- + estimate ★☆☆	5	past baholamoq — haqiqiy qiymatidan kam deb hisoblamoq Fe’l — Verb	under-(under- (ing.) — yetarli emas) should not be underestimated · widely underestimated	The environmental cost of air travel is often underestimated. Havo transportining ekologik narxi ko‘pincha past baholanadi.	overestimate
Batafsil — namunalar, izoh, so‘z oilasi Izoh Tayyor qolip: The importance of early education should not be underestimated. — xulosada juda yaxshi ishlaydi. Ko‘p uchraydigan birikmalar should not be underestimated · widely underestimated So‘z o‘zagi under-(under- (ing.) — yetarli emas) — kam — yetarli emas, ostida shu o‘zakli so‘zlar → Namunalar The environmental cost of air travel is often underestimated. Havo transportining ekologik narxi ko‘pincha past baholanadi. Bog‘liq so‘zlar Antonim — Antonym overestimate — over- = ortiqcha baholash; under- = kam baholash To‘liq sahifasi
justify just + -ify ★★☆	5	asoslamoq, oqlamoq — sababini ko‘rsatib to‘g‘riligini isbotlamoq Fe’l — Verb	-ise/-ify(-izein (yun.) / -ficare (lat.) — fe’l yasovchi) difficult to justify · justify the cost · justification for	It is hard to justify subsidising an industry that pollutes so heavily. Shunchalik ko‘p ifloslantiruvchi tarmoqni subsidiyalashni oqlash qiyin.
Batafsil — namunalar, izoh, so‘z oilasi Izoh Bahsda kuchli tuzilma: Such spending is difficult to justify* when hospitals are underfunded.* Oti — justification. Ko‘p uchraydigan birikmalar difficult to justify · justify the cost · justification for So‘z o‘zagi -ise/-ify(-izein (yun.) / -ficare (lat.) — fe’l yasovchi) — fe’l yasovchi — «... ga aylantirmoq» shu o‘zakli so‘zlar → Namunalar It is hard to justify subsidising an industry that pollutes so heavily. Shunchalik ko‘p ifloslantiruvchi tarmoqni subsidiyalashni oqlash qiyin. Bog‘liq so‘zlar Bog‘liq so‘z — Related word advocate — justify = sababini ko‘rsatish; advocate = yoqlab chiqish To‘liq sahifasi
analyse analysis (yun.) — qismlarga ajratish ★★☆	4	tahlil qilmoq — qismlarga ajratib o‘rganmoq Fe’l — Verb	-ise/-ify(-izein (yun.) / -ficare (lat.) — fe’l yasovchi) analyse the data · a detailed analysis · analytical skills	Researchers analysed data from over fifty countries. Tadqiqotchilar ellikdan ortiq mamlakat ma’lumotlarini tahlil qildi.
Batafsil — namunalar, izoh, so‘z oilasi Izoh Britaniyacha analyse, amerikacha analyze. Oti — analysis, ko‘pligi analyses. Ko‘p uchraydigan birikmalar analyse the data · a detailed analysis · analytical skills So‘z o‘zagi -ise/-ify(-izein (yun.) / -ficare (lat.) — fe’l yasovchi) — fe’l yasovchi — «... ga aylantirmoq» shu o‘zakli so‘zlar → Namunalar Researchers analysed data from over fifty countries. Tadqiqotchilar ellikdan ortiq mamlakat ma’lumotlarini tahlil qildi. Bog‘liq so‘zlar Bog‘liq so‘z — Related word evaluate — analyse = qismlarga ajratish; evaluate = qiymatini baholash To‘liq sahifasi
evaluate ★★☆	5	baholamoq — qiymatini yoki samarasini o‘lchamoq Fe’l — Verb	evaluate the effectiveness of · a thorough evaluation	Governments rarely evaluate the long-term impact of these schemes. Hukumatlar bunday dasturlarning uzoq muddatli ta’sirini kamdan-kam baholaydi.
Batafsil — namunalar, izoh, so‘z oilasi Izoh Task 2 da chorani baholashda: It is difficult to evaluate* the effectiveness of such policies.* Ko‘p uchraydigan birikmalar evaluate the effectiveness of · a thorough evaluation Namunalar Governments rarely evaluate the long-term impact of these schemes. Hukumatlar bunday dasturlarning uzoq muddatli ta’sirini kamdan-kam baholaydi. Bog‘liq so‘zlar Bog‘liq so‘z — Related word analyse — analyse = tahlil; evaluate = baho To‘liq sahifasi
constitute ★☆☆	6	tashkil etmoq — «... hisoblanadi» Fe’l — Verb	constitute a threat · constitute the majority · this constitutes	Air pollution constitutes the single greatest health risk in many cities. Havo ifloslanishi ko‘p shaharlarda eng katta yagona sog‘liq xavfini tashkil etadi.	account for
Batafsil — namunalar, izoh, so‘z oilasi Izoh Ikki ma’no: miqdor (Women constitute* 60% of graduates) va baho (This constitutes a serious threat). Ikkinchisi Task 2 uchun kuchli. Ko‘p uchraydigan birikmalar constitute a threat · constitute the majority · this constitutes Namunalar Air pollution constitutes the single greatest health risk in many cities. Havo ifloslanishi ko‘p shaharlarda eng katta yagona sog‘liq xavfini tashkil etadi. Bog‘liq so‘zlar Sinonim — Synonym account for* — account for = foizni aytadi; constitute = ta’rif beradi To‘liq sahifasi
attribute ★★☆	6	bog‘lamoq, sabab qilib ko‘rsatmoq — «... ga bog‘liq deb bilmoq» Fe’l — Verb	attribute X to Y · can be attributed to · widely attributed to	The improvement is largely attributed to investment in teacher training. Yaxshilanish asosan o‘qituvchilarni tayyorlashga sarmoya kiritilgani bilan bog‘lanadi.
Batafsil — namunalar, izoh, so‘z oilasi Izoh Sababni ehtiyotkorlik bilan aytadi: The decline can be attributed to* falling birth rates.* — «sabab shu» deb qat’iy da’vo qilmaydi, shuning uchun Band 7 uchun ideal. Ko‘p uchraydigan birikmalar attribute X to Y · can be attributed to · widely attributed to Namunalar The improvement is largely attributed to investment in teacher training. Yaxshilanish asosan o‘qituvchilarni tayyorlashga sarmoya kiritilgani bilan bog‘lanadi. Bog‘liq so‘zlar Bog‘liq so‘z — Related word stem from — attribute to = biz bog‘laymiz; stem from = o‘zi kelib chiqadi To‘liq sahifasi
advocate ★★☆	6	yoqlab chiqmoq, targ‘ib qilmoq Fe’l — Verb	advocate reform · advocates of the policy · strongly advocate	Some economists advocate raising taxes on high-carbon industries. Ba’zi iqtisodchilar yuqori uglerodli tarmoqlarga solig‘ni oshirishni yoqlab chiqadi.	oppose
Batafsil — namunalar, izoh, so‘z oilasi Izoh Ot sifatida ham: advocates of free education argue that… — bu Task 2 da qarashni kimga tegishli ekanini aytishning tabiiy yo‘li. Ko‘p uchraydigan birikmalar advocate reform · advocates of the policy · strongly advocate Namunalar Some economists advocate raising taxes on high-carbon industries. Ba’zi iqtisodchilar yuqori uglerodli tarmoqlarga solig‘ni oshirishni yoqlab chiqadi. Bog‘liq so‘zlar Antonim — Antonym oppose — advocate = yoqlamoq; oppose = qarshi chiqmoq To‘liq sahifasi
oppose ★★☆	4	qarshi chiqmoq Fe’l — Verb	oppose the plan · strongly opposed to · opposition to	Local communities opposed the construction of the new airport. Mahalliy aholi yangi aeroport qurilishiga qarshi chiqdi.	advocate
Batafsil — namunalar, izoh, so‘z oilasi Izoh Sifat shakli predlog oladi: be opposed to + ot/-ing — Residents are strongly opposed to* the development.* Ko‘p uchraydigan birikmalar oppose the plan · strongly opposed to · opposition to Namunalar Local communities opposed the construction of the new airport. Mahalliy aholi yangi aeroport qurilishiga qarshi chiqdi. Bog‘liq so‘zlar Antonim — Antonym advocate — oppose = qarshi; advocate = tarafdor To‘liq sahifasi
address ★★★	5	hal qilishga kirishmoq — muammo bilan shug‘ullanmoq Fe’l — Verb	address the problem · address the root cause · needs to be addressed	Any lasting solution must address the underlying economic causes. Har qanday barqaror yechim asosdagi iqtisodiy sabablarni hal qilishi kerak.	tackle
Batafsil — namunalar, izoh, so‘z oilasi Izoh «Manzil» emas! Task 2 da muammoga qaratilgan harakat: These policies fail to address* the root cause of the problem.* — qarshi dalilni tanqid qilishning eng qulay yo‘li. Ko‘p uchraydigan birikmalar address the problem · address the root cause · needs to be addressed Namunalar Any lasting solution must address the underlying economic causes. Har qanday barqaror yechim asosdagi iqtisodiy sabablarni hal qilishi kerak. Bog‘liq so‘zlar Sinonim — Synonym tackle — tackle = biroz og‘zakiroq va faolroq; address = akademik To‘liq sahifasi
tackle ★★☆	4	kurashmoq, hal qilishga urinmoq Fe’l — Verb	tackle climate change · tackle crime · tackle the issue	Cities are using congestion charges to tackle traffic and pollution. Shaharlar tirbandlik va ifloslanishga qarshi kurashish uchun yig‘imlardan foydalanmoqda.	address
Batafsil — namunalar, izoh, so‘z oilasi Izoh Sport ma’nosidan kelib chiqqan, lekin siyosat tilida butunlay tabiiy: measures to tackle* air pollution. Ko‘p uchraydigan birikmalar tackle climate change · tackle crime · tackle the issue Namunalar Cities are using congestion charges to tackle traffic and pollution. Shaharlar tirbandlik va ifloslanishga qarshi kurashish uchun yig‘imlardan foydalanmoqda. Bog‘liq so‘zlar Sinonim — Synonym address* — address = rasmiyroq; tackle = jonliroq To‘liq sahifasi
alleviate ★☆☆	6	yengillashtirmoq — muammoni qisman kamaytirmoq Fe’l — Verb	alleviate poverty · alleviate pressure on · help alleviate	New housing would alleviate overcrowding in the city centre. Yangi uy-joylar shahar markazidagi tig‘izlikni yengillashtirardi.	tackle
Batafsil — namunalar, izoh, so‘z oilasi Izoh «Hal qilmaydi, lekin yengillashtiradi» — ehtiyotkor va aniq: Subsidies can alleviate* the pressure on low-income families.* Ko‘p uchraydigan birikmalar alleviate poverty · alleviate pressure on · help alleviate Namunalar New housing would alleviate overcrowding in the city centre. Yangi uy-joylar shahar markazidagi tig‘izlikni yengillashtirardi. Bog‘liq so‘zlar Sinonim — Synonym tackle — tackle = muammoga hujum; alleviate = og‘riqni kamaytirish To‘liq sahifasi
distinguish ★☆☆	5	farqlamoq — bir-biridan ajratmoq Fe’l — Verb	distinguish between X and Y · a clear distinction	It is important to distinguish between correlation and causation. Bog‘liqlik bilan sababiyatni farqlash muhim.
Batafsil — namunalar, izoh, so‘z oilasi Izoh Qolipi: distinguish between A and B. Oti — distinction: It is important to draw a distinction between* …* Ko‘p uchraydigan birikmalar distinguish between X and Y · a clear distinction Namunalar It is important to distinguish between correlation and causation. Bog‘liqlik bilan sababiyatni farqlash muhim. Bog‘liq so‘zlar Bog‘liq so‘z — Related word compare — distinguish = farqni ko‘rsatish; compare = ikkalasini qiyoslash To‘liq sahifasi

Grafik va raqamlar — Data & trends (Task 1)

13 ta

So‘z	Daraja	Ma’nosi	O‘zak · birikma	Namuna	Sinonim · antonim
reduce re- + duce ★★★	2	kamaytirmoq — «orqaga yetaklamoq» Fe’l — Verb	duc/duct(ducere (lat.) — yetaklamoq) reduce emissions · a sharp reduction · reduce costs by 20%	Congestion charges have reduced traffic in the city centre by a third. Tirbandlik yig‘imlari shahar markazidagi transport oqimini uchdan birga kamaytirdi.	increase
Batafsil — namunalar, izoh, so‘z oilasi Izoh Task 1 va Task 2 ning eng ko‘p kerak bo‘ladigan fe’li. Oti — reduction (a significant reduction in waste). Ko‘p uchraydigan birikmalar reduce emissions · a sharp reduction · reduce costs by 20% So‘z o‘zagi duc/duct(ducere (lat.) — yetaklamoq) — yetaklamoq — olib bormoq, boshqarmoq shu o‘zakli so‘zlar → Namunalar Congestion charges have reduced traffic in the city centre by a third. Tirbandlik yig‘imlari shahar markazidagi transport oqimini uchdan birga kamaytirdi. Bog‘liq so‘zlar Antonim — Antonym increase — reduce = kamaytirmoq; increase = ko‘paytirmoq To‘liq sahifasi
project pro- + ject ★★☆	5	prognoz qilmoq — «oldinga tashlamoq» Fe’l — Verb	ject(iacere (lat.) — otmoq) projected to rise · projected figures · population projections	The urban population is projected to double by 2050. Shahar aholisi 2050-yilga borib ikki baravar ko‘payishi prognoz qilinmoqda.	forecast
Batafsil — namunalar, izoh, so‘z oilasi Izoh Task 1 uchun juda muhim: grafik kelajakni ko‘rsatsa, is projected to* reach…* deb yozing. Ot sifatida urg‘u boshqa: PROject = loyiha. Ko‘p uchraydigan birikmalar projected to rise · projected figures · population projections So‘z o‘zagi ject(iacere (lat.) — otmoq) — otmoq — irg‘itmoq, tashlamoq shu o‘zakli so‘zlar → Namunalar The urban population is projected to double by 2050. Shahar aholisi 2050-yilga borib ikki baravar ko‘payishi prognoz qilinmoqda. Bog‘liq so‘zlar Sinonim — Synonym forecast — forecast = rasmiy bashorat (ob-havo, iqtisod); project = mavjud tendensiyani davom ettirib hisoblash To‘liq sahifasi
exceed ex- + ceed ★★☆	5	oshib ketmoq — belgilangan chegaradan yuqori bo‘lmoq Fe’l — Verb	ced/cess(cedere (lat.) — yurmoq, chekinmoq) exceed the limit · exceed expectations · exceed 50%	Pollution levels regularly exceed international safety limits. Ifloslanish darajasi muntazam ravishda xalqaro xavfsizlik chegarasidan oshib ketadi.	surpass
Batafsil — namunalar, izoh, so‘z oilasi Izoh Task 1 da raqamni takrorlamasdan berish uchun: The figure exceeded* 60% for the first time in 2010.* Ko‘p uchraydigan birikmalar exceed the limit · exceed expectations · exceed 50% So‘z o‘zagi ced/cess(cedere (lat.) — yurmoq, chekinmoq) — yurmoq — bormoq, o‘tmoq shu o‘zakli so‘zlar → Namunalar Pollution levels regularly exceed international safety limits. Ifloslanish darajasi muntazam ravishda xalqaro xavfsizlik chegarasidan oshib ketadi. Bog‘liq so‘zlar Sinonim — Synonym surpass — surpass = boshqasidan ustun chiqmoq (poyga ohangi); exceed = belgilangan chegaradan oshmoq To‘liq sahifasi
illustrate il- + lustrare (yoritmoq) ★★★	4	ko‘rsatmoq, misol bilan yoritmoq Fe’l — Verb	the graph illustrates · to illustrate this point · as illustrated by	The diagram illustrates the process by which glass is recycled. Diagramma shishaning qayta ishlanish jarayonini ko‘rsatadi.	describe
Batafsil — namunalar, izoh, so‘z oilasi Izoh Task 1 kirish jumlasi uchun eng qulay fe’l — savoldagi shows so‘zini takrorlamaslik uchun: The bar chart illustrates* …* Muqobillar: depicts, compares, gives information about. Ko‘p uchraydigan birikmalar the graph illustrates · to illustrate this point · as illustrated by Namunalar The diagram illustrates the process by which glass is recycled. Diagramma shishaning qayta ishlanish jarayonini ko‘rsatadi. Bog‘liq so‘zlar Sinonim — Synonym describe — illustrate = ko‘rsatib beradi; describe = so‘z bilan tavsiflaydi To‘liq sahifasi
predict pre- + dict ★★☆	3	oldindan aytmoq, bashorat qilmoq Fe’l — Verb	dict(dicere (lat.) — aytmoq) predict a rise · as predicted · unpredictable	Economists predict that demand will slow over the next decade. Iqtisodchilar keyingi o‘n yilda talab sekinlashishini bashorat qilmoqda.	forecast
Batafsil — namunalar, izoh, so‘z oilasi Izoh Sifati predictable (kutilgan) va unpredictable (oldindan aytib bo‘lmaydigan) — ikkalasi ham Task 2 da foydali. Ko‘p uchraydigan birikmalar predict a rise · as predicted · unpredictable So‘z o‘zagi dict(dicere (lat.) — aytmoq) — aytmoq — so‘zlamoq, buyurmoq shu o‘zakli so‘zlar → Namunalar Economists predict that demand will slow over the next decade. Iqtisodchilar keyingi o‘n yilda talab sekinlashishini bashorat qilmoqda. Bog‘liq so‘zlar Sinonim — Synonym forecast — forecast = rasmiy, raqamli prognoz; predict = umumiy bashorat To‘liq sahifasi
soar ★★☆	5	keskin ko‘tarilmoq — juda tez va baland o‘smoq Fe’l — Verb	prices soared · soaring demand · soar to a peak	House prices soared between 2003 and 2007 before collapsing. Uy narxlari 2003-2007 yillarda keskin ko‘tarildi, so‘ng qulab tushdi.	plummet surge
Batafsil — namunalar, izoh, so‘z oilasi Izoh Eng kuchli o‘sish fe’li — faqat haqiqatan keskin ko‘tarilish uchun ishlating. Kichik o‘sishga qo‘llasangiz, ma’lumotni noto‘g‘ri talqin qilgan bo‘lasiz va ball yo‘qotasiz. Ko‘p uchraydigan birikmalar prices soared · soaring demand · soar to a peak Namunalar House prices soared between 2003 and 2007 before collapsing. Uy narxlari 2003-2007 yillarda keskin ko‘tarildi, so‘ng qulab tushdi. Bog‘liq so‘zlar Antonim — Antonym plummet — soar = keskin KO‘TARILISH; plummet = keskin PASAYISH Sinonim — Synonym surge — surge = to‘lqinsimon keskin o‘sish (ko‘pincha qisqa muddatli); soar = uzoq va baland ko‘tarilish To‘liq sahifasi
plummet ★★☆	5	keskin pasaymoq — tik tushmoq Fe’l — Verb	sales plummeted · plummet to a low of · a plummeting share	Newspaper circulation plummeted after the arrival of online news. Onlayn yangiliklar paydo bo‘lgach, gazeta tirajlari keskin tushib ketdi.	soar
Batafsil — namunalar, izoh, so‘z oilasi Izoh plunge, collapse, slump bilan bir oila. Yumshoqroq varianti — decline, o‘rtacha — drop. Ko‘p uchraydigan birikmalar sales plummeted · plummet to a low of · a plummeting share Namunalar Newspaper circulation plummeted after the arrival of online news. Onlayn yangiliklar paydo bo‘lgach, gazeta tirajlari keskin tushib ketdi. Bog‘liq so‘zlar Antonim — Antonym soar — plummet = tik pasayish; soar = tik ko‘tarilish To‘liq sahifasi
fluctuate ★★★	5	tebranmoq — goh ko‘tarilib, goh tushib turmoq Fe’l — Verb	fluctuate between X and Y · considerable fluctuation · fluctuate wildly	Oil prices fluctuated considerably throughout the decade. Neft narxlari o‘n yillik davomida sezilarli tebranib turdi.	remain stable
Batafsil — namunalar, izoh, so‘z oilasi Izoh Notekis chiziq uchun yagona to‘g‘ri fe’l. Chiziq bir necha marta yuqoriga-pastga ketsa, uni «o‘sdi» yoki «tushdi» deb aytmang: The figure fluctuated between* 20 and 30 units.* Oti — fluctuation. Ko‘p uchraydigan birikmalar fluctuate between X and Y · considerable fluctuation · fluctuate wildly Namunalar Oil prices fluctuated considerably throughout the decade. Neft narxlari o‘n yillik davomida sezilarli tebranib turdi. Bog‘liq so‘zlar Antonim — Antonym remain stable — fluctuate = tebranadi; remain stable = o‘zgarmaydi To‘liq sahifasi
double ★★★	3	ikki baravar oshmoq / oshirmoq Fe’l — Verb	more than doubled · double the number of · double that of	The number of car owners more than doubled between 1990 and 2010. Avtomobil egalari soni 1990-2010 yillarda ikki baravardan ko‘proq oshdi.	halve
Batafsil — namunalar, izoh, so‘z oilasi Izoh Ham fe’l, ham sifat: The figure doubled · output was double that of* Spain. Juftlari: triple, quadruple, halve* (yarmiga tushmoq). Ko‘p uchraydigan birikmalar more than doubled · double the number of · double that of Namunalar The number of car owners more than doubled between 1990 and 2010. Avtomobil egalari soni 1990-2010 yillarda ikki baravardan ko‘proq oshdi. Bog‘liq so‘zlar Antonim — Antonym halve — double = ikki baravar oshmoq; halve = yarmiga tushmoq To‘liq sahifasi
halve ★☆☆	5	yarmiga tushmoq / kamaytirmoq Fe’l — Verb	halve emissions · numbers halved · fall by half	The government aims to halve carbon emissions within a decade. Hukumat o‘n yil ichida uglerod chiqindilarini ikki barobar qisqartirishni maqsad qilgan.	double
Batafsil — namunalar, izoh, so‘z oilasi Izoh Talaffuzi «hav» — l o‘qilmaydi (Speaking uchun). Muqobil: fall by half, drop to half. Ko‘p uchraydigan birikmalar halve emissions · numbers halved · fall by half Namunalar The government aims to halve carbon emissions within a decade. Hukumat o‘n yil ichida uglerod chiqindilarini ikki barobar qisqartirishni maqsad qilgan. Bog‘liq so‘zlar Antonim — Antonym double — halve = yarmiga; double = ikki baravarga To‘liq sahifasi
overtake ★★☆	5	ortda qoldirmoq — ilgarilab ketmoq Fe’l — Verb	over-(over- (ing.) — ortiqcha) overtake in 2005 · was overtaken by · surpass	By 2012 China had overtaken the United States as the largest emitter. 2012-yilga kelib Xitoy eng yirik chiqindi manbai sifatida AQShni ortda qoldirdi.	exceed
Batafsil — namunalar, izoh, so‘z oilasi Izoh Ikki chiziq kesishgan joyni tasvirlaydi — Task 1 da bu nuqtani albatta aytish kerak: Solar power overtook* coal in 2018.* Ko‘p uchraydigan birikmalar overtake in 2005 · was overtaken by · surpass So‘z o‘zagi over-(over- (ing.) — ortiqcha) — ortiqcha — haddan tashqari, ustidan shu o‘zakli so‘zlar → Namunalar By 2012 China had overtaken the United States as the largest emitter. 2012-yilga kelib Xitoy eng yirik chiqindi manbai sifatida AQShni ortda qoldirdi. Bog‘liq so‘zlar Sinonim — Synonym exceed — exceed = chegaradan oshmoq; overtake = boshqasini ortda qoldirmoq To‘liq sahifasi
outnumber ★☆☆	6	soni jihatidan ko‘p bo‘lmoq — «... dan ko‘proq» Fe’l — Verb	outnumber men by two to one · far outnumbered	In 2010, mobile subscriptions outnumbered landlines for the first time. 2010-yilda mobil obunalar birinchi marta uyali bo‘lmagan liniyalardan ko‘p bo‘ldi.
Batafsil — namunalar, izoh, so‘z oilasi Izoh Ixcham qiyoslash: Female students outnumbered* male students by three to one.* — bitta fe’lda butun jumla ma’nosi. Ko‘p uchraydigan birikmalar outnumber men by two to one · far outnumbered Namunalar In 2010, mobile subscriptions outnumbered landlines for the first time. 2010-yilda mobil obunalar birinchi marta uyali bo‘lmagan liniyalardan ko‘p bo‘ldi. Bog‘liq so‘zlar Bog‘liq so‘z — Related word overtake — outnumber = miqdoran ko‘p; overtake = vaqt ichida ortda qoldirish To‘liq sahifasi
compare ★★☆	2	solishtirmoq, qiyoslamoq Fe’l — Verb	compare X with Y · compared with 2010 · in comparison	The table compares energy consumption in five European countries. Jadval besh Yevropa mamlakatidagi energiya iste’molini solishtiradi.
Batafsil — namunalar, izoh, so‘z oilasi Izoh Britaniya uslubida compare with (aniq taqqoslash), compare to (o‘xshatish). Task 1 kirishida: The chart compares* …* Ko‘p uchraydigan birikmalar compare X with Y · compared with 2010 · in comparison Namunalar The table compares energy consumption in five European countries. Jadval besh Yevropa mamlakatidagi energiya iste’molini solishtiradi. Bog‘liq so‘zlar Bog‘liq so‘z — Related word distinguish — compare = yonma-yon qo‘yish; distinguish = farqni ajratish To‘liq sahifasi

Ish va kasb — Work & careers

3 ta

So‘z	Daraja	Ma’nosi	O‘zak · birikma	Namuna	Sinonim · antonim
inspect in- + spect ★★☆	4	sinchiklab tekshirmoq, ko‘zdan kechirmoq Fe’l — Verb	spect(specere (lat.) — qaramoq) inspect a site · a routine inspection · a health inspector	Officials inspect food factories at least twice a year. Rasmiylar oziq-ovqat zavodlarini yiliga kamida ikki marta tekshiradi.	examine
Batafsil — namunalar, izoh, so‘z oilasi Izoh Rasmiy, qoidaga muvofiqlikni tekshirish. Oti — inspection, kasbi — inspector. Ko‘p uchraydigan birikmalar inspect a site · a routine inspection · a health inspector So‘z o‘zagi spect(specere (lat.) — qaramoq) — qaramoq — ko‘rmoq, kuzatmoq shu o‘zakli so‘zlar → Namunalar Officials inspect food factories at least twice a year. Rasmiylar oziq-ovqat zavodlarini yiliga kamida ikki marta tekshiradi. Bog‘liq so‘zlar Sinonim — Synonym examine — examine = umumiy o‘rganish/tekshirish; inspect = rasmiy nazorat To‘liq sahifasi
transfer trans- + fer ★★☆	4	ko‘chirmoq, o‘tkazmoq — bir joydan boshqasiga Fe’l — Verb	fer(ferre (lat.) — olib kelmoq) transfer money · transfer skills · a transfer of power	Communication is a transferable skill valued in every profession. Muloqot — har bir kasbda qadrlanadigan, ko‘chib o‘tuvchi ko‘nikma.
Batafsil — namunalar, izoh, so‘z oilasi Izoh transferable skills — ish mavzusidagi juda foydali birikma: «bir sohadan boshqasiga o‘tadigan ko‘nikmalar». Ko‘p uchraydigan birikmalar transfer money · transfer skills · a transfer of power So‘z o‘zagi fer(ferre (lat.) — olib kelmoq) — olib kelmoq — ko‘chirmoq, keltirmoq shu o‘zakli so‘zlar → Namunalar Communication is a transferable skill valued in every profession. Muloqot — har bir kasbda qadrlanadigan, ko‘chib o‘tuvchi ko‘nikma. Bog‘liq so‘zlar Bog‘liq so‘z — Related word infer — bir ildiz: transfer = ko‘chirmoq; infer = xulosa chiqarmoq To‘liq sahifasi
supervise super- + vis ★☆☆	5	nazorat qilmoq — ustidan qarab turmoq Fe’l — Verb	vid/vis(videre (lat.) — ko‘rmoq) supervise students · under supervision · a supervisor	Young children should be supervised when using the internet. Yosh bolalar internetdan foydalanayotganda nazorat ostida bo‘lishi kerak.	monitor
Batafsil — namunalar, izoh, so‘z oilasi Izoh Bolalar va texnologiya mavzusida kerak: children should be supervised* online. Oti — supervision. Ko‘p uchraydigan birikmalar supervise students · under supervision · a supervisor So‘z o‘zagi vid/vis(videre (lat.) — ko‘rmoq)* — ko‘rmoq — nazar solmoq shu o‘zakli so‘zlar → Namunalar Young children should be supervised when using the internet. Yosh bolalar internetdan foydalanayotganda nazorat ostida bo‘lishi kerak. Bog‘liq so‘zlar Sinonim — Synonym monitor — monitor = muntazam kuzatib borish; supervise = mas’ul bo‘lib qarash To‘liq sahifasi

Jamiyat — Society

1 ta

So‘z	Daraja	Ma’nosi	O‘zak · birikma	Namuna	Sinonim · antonim
compel com- + pel ★☆☆	6	majburlamoq — chora qoldirmaslik Fe’l — Verb	pel/puls(pellere (lat.) — turtmoq) compel somebody to do · feel compelled to · a compelling argument	Rising costs have compelled many families to reduce their spending. Narxlarning oshishi ko‘p oilalarni xarajatlarini qisqartirishga majbur qildi.	oblige
Batafsil — namunalar, izoh, so‘z oilasi Izoh Sifati compelling = «ishonarli, e’tiborni tortadigan» — Task 2 uchun juda foydali: a compelling* argument for reform. Ko‘p uchraydigan birikmalar compel somebody to do · feel compelled to · a compelling argument So‘z o‘zagi pel/puls(pellere (lat.) — turtmoq)* — turtmoq — haydamoq, itarmoq shu o‘zakli so‘zlar → Namunalar Rising costs have compelled many families to reduce their spending. Narxlarning oshishi ko‘p oilalarni xarajatlarini qisqartirishga majbur qildi. Bog‘liq so‘zlar Sinonim — Synonym oblige — oblige = qoida/majburiyat yuklaydi; compel = kuch bilan majbur qiladi To‘liq sahifasi

Iqtisod — Economy

1 ta

So‘z	Daraja	Ma’nosi	O‘zak · birikma	Namuna	Sinonim · antonim
generate gen + -ate ★★★	4	hosil qilmoq, keltirib chiqarmoq (daromad, energiya, ish o‘rni) Fe’l — Verb	gen(genus (lat.) — tug‘ilish, tur) generate income · generate electricity · generate employment	Wind farms now generate a fifth of the country’s electricity. Shamol elektr stansiyalari hozir mamlakat elektr energiyasining beshdan birini ishlab chiqaradi.
Batafsil — namunalar, izoh, so‘z oilasi Izoh Task 2 yechim qismida create ning akademik o‘rinbosari: Tourism generates* substantial revenue for local communities.* Ko‘p uchraydigan birikmalar generate income · generate electricity · generate employment So‘z o‘zagi gen(genus (lat.) — tug‘ilish, tur) — tug‘ilish — kelib chiqish, avlod, tur shu o‘zakli so‘zlar → Namunalar Wind farms now generate a fifth of the country’s electricity. Shamol elektr stansiyalari hozir mamlakat elektr energiyasining beshdan birini ishlab chiqaradi. Bog‘liq so‘zlar Bog‘liq so‘z — Related word generation — bir ildiz — «tug‘ilish» dan To‘liq sahifasi

Ekologiya — Environment

1 ta

So‘z	Daraja	Ma’nosi	O‘zak · birikma	Namuna	Sinonim · antonim
recycle re- + cycle ★★★	2	qayta ishlamoq — chiqindini yangidan foydalanishga yaroqli qilmoq Fe’l — Verb	re-(re- (lat.) — qayta, orqaga) recycle waste · recycling rates · recyclable materials	Only a third of household plastic is currently recycled. Hozirda maishiy plastikning atigi uchdan biri qayta ishlanadi.
Batafsil — namunalar, izoh, so‘z oilasi Izoh Task 1 jarayon diagrammalarida ham, Task 2 yechimlarida ham kerak. Oti — recycling, sifati — recyclable. Ko‘p uchraydigan birikmalar recycle waste · recycling rates · recyclable materials So‘z o‘zagi re-(re- (lat.) — qayta, orqaga) — qayta — yana, orqaga shu o‘zakli so‘zlar → Namunalar Only a third of household plastic is currently recycled. Hozirda maishiy plastikning atigi uchdan biri qayta ishlanadi. Bog‘liq so‘zlar Bog‘liq so‘z — Related word renewable — bir qo‘shimcha (re-) — «qayta» To‘liq sahifasi

Fan va texnologiya — Science & technology

5 ta

So‘z	Daraja	Ma’nosi	O‘zak · birikma	Namuna	Sinonim · antonim
transmit trans- + mit ★☆☆	5	uzatmoq — bir joydan boshqasiga yubormoq (signal, kasallik, bilim) Fe’l — Verb	mit/miss(mittere (lat.) — yubormoq) transmit data · transmit a disease · transmission of knowledge	Traditions are transmitted from one generation to the next. An’analar bir avloddan ikkinchisiga o‘tkaziladi.
Batafsil — namunalar, izoh, so‘z oilasi Izoh Uch sohada ishlaydi: texnologiya (transmit data), tibbiyot (transmitted through contact) va madaniyat (transmit traditions to the next generation). Ko‘p uchraydigan birikmalar transmit data · transmit a disease · transmission of knowledge So‘z o‘zagi mit/miss(mittere (lat.) — yubormoq) — yubormoq — jo‘natmoq, qo‘yib yubormoq shu o‘zakli so‘zlar → Namunalar Traditions are transmitted from one generation to the next. An’analar bir avloddan ikkinchisiga o‘tkaziladi. Bog‘liq so‘zlar Bog‘liq so‘z — Related word emission — bir ildiz — «yubormoq» To‘liq sahifasi
extract ex- + tract ★☆☆	5	qazib olmoq, ajratib olmoq — «tashqariga tortmoq» Fe’l — Verb	tract(trahere (lat.) — tortmoq) extract minerals · extract data · extraction of resources	Extracting minerals on this scale damages fragile ecosystems. Bunday miqyosda qazilma qazib olish nozik ekotizimlarga zarar yetkazadi.
Batafsil — namunalar, izoh, so‘z oilasi Izoh Tabiiy resurslar mavzusida: extract fossil fuels. Reading’da esa matndan ma’lumot «ajratib olish» ma’nosida uchraydi. Ko‘p uchraydigan birikmalar extract minerals · extract data · extraction of resources So‘z o‘zagi tract(trahere (lat.) — tortmoq) — tortmoq — sudramoq, cho‘zmoq shu o‘zakli so‘zlar → Namunalar Extracting minerals on this scale damages fragile ecosystems. Bunday miqyosda qazilma qazib olish nozik ekotizimlarga zarar yetkazadi. Bog‘liq so‘zlar Bog‘liq so‘z — Related word attract — bir ildiz — «tortmoq» To‘liq sahifasi
convert con- + vert ★★☆	4	aylantirmoq — bir holatdan boshqasiga o‘tkazmoq Fe’l — Verb	vert/vers(vertere (lat.) — burmoq) convert waste into energy · convert land · the conversion of	Farmland is increasingly being converted into housing. Ekin maydonlari tobora ko‘proq uy-joyga aylantirilmoqda.
Batafsil — namunalar, izoh, so‘z oilasi Izoh Ekologiya diagrammalarida ko‘p uchraydi: waste is converted into* biogas. Predlogi — into. Ko‘p uchraydigan birikmalar convert waste into energy · convert land · the conversion of So‘z o‘zagi vert/vers(vertere (lat.) — burmoq)* — burmoq — aylantirmoq, o‘girmoq shu o‘zakli so‘zlar → Namunalar Farmland is increasingly being converted into housing. Ekin maydonlari tobora ko‘proq uy-joyga aylantirilmoqda. Bog‘liq so‘zlar Bog‘liq so‘z — Related word diverse — bir ildiz — «burmoq» dan: diverse = turli tomonga burilgan To‘liq sahifasi
monitor monere (lat.) — ogohlantirmoq ★★☆	4	kuzatib bormoq — muntazam nazorat qilmoq Fe’l — Verb	monitor progress · closely monitored · monitoring systems	Satellites monitor deforestation in real time. Sun’iy yo‘ldoshlar o‘rmon kesilishini real vaqtda kuzatib boradi.	supervise
Batafsil — namunalar, izoh, so‘z oilasi Izoh Ekologiya va texnologiya mavzularida: monitor air quality, monitor employees — ikkinchisi maxfiylik bahsini ochadi. Ko‘p uchraydigan birikmalar monitor progress · closely monitored · monitoring systems Namunalar Satellites monitor deforestation in real time. Sun’iy yo‘ldoshlar o‘rmon kesilishini real vaqtda kuzatib boradi. Bog‘liq so‘zlar Sinonim — Synonym supervise — supervise = odamlarga mas’ullik; monitor = holatni kuzatish To‘liq sahifasi
transform trans- + form ★★☆	4	tubdan o‘zgartirmoq — shaklini butunlay almashtirmoq Fe’l — Verb	trans-(trans- (lat.) — orqali, narigi tomon) transform the way we work · a complete transformation · transform into	The internet has transformed higher education over the past decade. Internet so‘nggi o‘n yilda oliy ta’limni tubdan o‘zgartirdi.	alter
Batafsil — namunalar, izoh, so‘z oilasi Izoh change so‘zining kuchli o‘rinbosari — Task 2 kirish qismida ideal: Technology has transformed* the way people communicate.* Ko‘p uchraydigan birikmalar transform the way we work · a complete transformation · transform into So‘z o‘zagi trans-(trans- (lat.) — orqali, narigi tomon) — orqali — bir tomondan ikkinchisiga shu o‘zakli so‘zlar → Namunalar The internet has transformed higher education over the past decade. Internet so‘nggi o‘n yilda oliy ta’limni tubdan o‘zgartirdi. Bog‘liq so‘zlar Sinonim — Synonym alter — alter = qisman o‘zgartirish; transform = tubdan o‘zgartirish To‘liq sahifasi

Sog‘liq — Health

1 ta

So‘z	Daraja	Ma’nosi	O‘zak · birikma	Namuna	Sinonim · antonim
prevent pre- + vent (kelmoq) ★★★	3	oldini olmoq — sodir bo‘lishiga yo‘l qo‘ymaslik Fe’l — Verb	pre-(prae- (lat.) — oldin) prevent disease · prevent somebody from doing · preventive measures	Regular exercise helps prevent a range of chronic illnesses. Muntazam jismoniy mashq bir qator surunkali kasalliklarning oldini olishga yordam beradi.	deter
Batafsil — namunalar, izoh, so‘z oilasi Izoh ⚠️ Qolipi: prevent somebody FROM doing — ❌ prevent him to do. Oti — prevention: prevention is better than cure (sog‘liq inshosi uchun tayyor fikr). Ko‘p uchraydigan birikmalar prevent disease · prevent somebody from doing · preventive measures So‘z o‘zagi pre-(prae- (lat.) — oldin) — oldin — oldindan, oldingi shu o‘zakli so‘zlar → Namunalar Regular exercise helps prevent a range of chronic illnesses. Muntazam jismoniy mashq bir qator surunkali kasalliklarning oldini olishga yordam beradi. Bog‘liq so‘zlar Sinonim — Synonym deter — deter = qo‘rqitib qaytarish (jazo); prevent = imkoniyatni yo‘qotish To‘liq sahifasi

Hukumat va siyosat — Government & politics

2 ta

So‘z	Daraja	Ma’nosi	O‘zak · birikma	Namuna	Sinonim · antonim
implement ★★★	5	amalga oshirmoq, joriy etmoq (siyosat, chora) Fe’l — Verb	implement a policy · implementation of · fully implemented	The measures were implemented gradually over a five-year period. Choralar besh yillik davr mobaynida bosqichma-bosqich joriy etildi.	introduce
Batafsil — namunalar, izoh, so‘z oilasi Izoh Task 2 yechim qismining asosiy fe’li: Governments should implement* stricter emissions standards.* Oti — implementation. Ko‘p uchraydigan birikmalar implement a policy · implementation of · fully implemented Namunalar The measures were implemented gradually over a five-year period. Choralar besh yillik davr mobaynida bosqichma-bosqich joriy etildi. Bog‘liq so‘zlar Sinonim — Synonym introduce — introduce = birinchi marta kiritish; implement = to‘liq amalga oshirish To‘liq sahifasi
enforce ★★☆	6	ijrosini ta’minlamoq — qonunni amalda qo‘llamoq Fe’l — Verb	enforce the law · difficult to enforce · law enforcement	Such a ban would be extremely difficult to enforce in practice. Bunday taqiqni amalda qo‘llash nihoyatda qiyin bo‘lardi.
Batafsil — namunalar, izoh, so‘z oilasi Izoh Kuchli dalil: qonun bor, lekin difficult to enforce — Task 2 da har qanday taqiq taklifining zaif tomonini ko‘rsatadi. Ko‘p uchraydigan birikmalar enforce the law · difficult to enforce · law enforcement Namunalar Such a ban would be extremely difficult to enforce in practice. Bunday taqiqni amalda qo‘llash nihoyatda qiyin bo‘lardi. Bog‘liq so‘zlar Bog‘liq so‘z — Related word legislation — qonun qabul qilinadi, keyin ijro etiladi To‘liq sahifasi

Sayohat va turizm — Travel & tourism

1 ta

So‘z	Daraja	Ma’nosi	O‘zak · birikma	Namuna	Sinonim · antonim
attract at- + tract ★★☆	3	jalb qilmoq — o‘ziga tortmoq Fe’l — Verb	tract(trahere (lat.) — tortmoq) attract tourists · attract investment · a major attraction	The city attracts millions of visitors every summer. Shahar har yozda millionlab tashrif buyuruvchini jalb qiladi.
Batafsil — namunalar, izoh, so‘z oilasi Izoh Turizm va iqtisod mavzularida kerak: attract foreign investment. Oti — attraction, sifati — attractive. Ko‘p uchraydigan birikmalar attract tourists · attract investment · a major attraction So‘z o‘zagi tract(trahere (lat.) — tortmoq) — tortmoq — sudramoq, cho‘zmoq shu o‘zakli so‘zlar → Namunalar The city attracts millions of visitors every summer. Shahar har yozda millionlab tashrif buyuruvchini jalb qiladi. Bog‘liq so‘zlar Bog‘liq so‘z — Related word extract — bir ildiz: attract = o‘ziga tortmoq; extract = tortib olmoq To‘liq sahifasi

Vocabulary bank · Lug‘at bazasi

Akademik til — Academic language

Izoh

Ko‘p uchraydigan birikmalar

So‘z o‘zagi

Namunalar

Bog‘liq so‘zlar

Izoh

Ko‘p uchraydigan birikmalar

So‘z o‘zagi

Namunalar

Bog‘liq so‘zlar

Izoh

Ko‘p uchraydigan birikmalar

So‘z o‘zagi

Namunalar

Bog‘liq so‘zlar

Izoh

Ko‘p uchraydigan birikmalar

So‘z o‘zagi

Namunalar

Bog‘liq so‘zlar

Izoh

Ko‘p uchraydigan birikmalar

Namunalar

Bog‘liq so‘zlar

Izoh

Ko‘p uchraydigan birikmalar

So‘z o‘zagi

Namunalar

Bog‘liq so‘zlar

Izoh

Ko‘p uchraydigan birikmalar

So‘z o‘zagi

Namunalar

Bog‘liq so‘zlar

Izoh

Ko‘p uchraydigan birikmalar

So‘z o‘zagi

Namunalar

Bog‘liq so‘zlar

Izoh

Ko‘p uchraydigan birikmalar

So‘z o‘zagi

Namunalar

Bog‘liq so‘zlar

Izoh

Ko‘p uchraydigan birikmalar

So‘z o‘zagi

Namunalar

Bog‘liq so‘zlar

Izoh

Ko‘p uchraydigan birikmalar

So‘z o‘zagi

Namunalar

Bog‘liq so‘zlar

Izoh

Ko‘p uchraydigan birikmalar

So‘z o‘zagi

Namunalar

Bog‘liq so‘zlar

Izoh

Ko‘p uchraydigan birikmalar

So‘z o‘zagi

Namunalar

Bog‘liq so‘zlar

Izoh

Ko‘p uchraydigan birikmalar

Namunalar

Bog‘liq so‘zlar

Izoh

Ko‘p uchraydigan birikmalar

Namunalar

Bog‘liq so‘zlar

Izoh

Ko‘p uchraydigan birikmalar

Namunalar

Bog‘liq so‘zlar

Izoh

Ko‘p uchraydigan birikmalar