Grammar bank · Grammatika bazasi

116 grammar patterns for IELTS — meaning, where it attaches, examples and the near-synonyms you keep mixing up.

Qanday ishlatiladi: bitta grammatikani qidirsangiz — yuqoridagi qidiruvdan yozing. Bir-biriga o‘xshash grammatikalarni solishtirish uchun “Ma’nosi bo‘yicha” ko‘rinishiga o‘ting: bir xil ma’noli barcha shakllar (masalan, hamma sabab grammatikalari) yonma-yon turadi. Har qatordagi “Batafsil” ni bosing — namunalar, farqi va tez-tez qilinadigan xatolar ochiladi.
Ko‘rinish
Turi bo‘yicha Ma’nosi bo‘yicha (sinonimlar)
Band daraja
Band 5 5 Band 5.5 15 Band 6 25 Band 6.5 31 Band 7 22 Band 7.5+ 18
Ma’no guruhi
Sabab — Cause 2 Natija — Result & consequence 3 Qarama-qarshilik — Contrast 5 Qarshi qo‘yish — Concession 3 Shart — Condition 8 Vaqt va ketma-ketlik — Time & sequence 15 Maqsad — Purpose 3 Qiyoslash — Comparison 7 O‘zgarish va tendensiya — Trend & change 2 Daraja va miqdor — Degree & quantity 10 Ehtiyotkor fikr — Hedging 5 Ta’kid — Emphasis 5 Misol keltirish — Exemplification 1 Umumlashtirish — Summarising 1 Ishora va o‘rin bosish — Reference 3 Sanash va qo‘shish — Listing & addition 4 Taxmin — Speculation 3 Majburiyat va ruxsat — Obligation 7 Imkoniyat — Possibility & ability 1 Ko‘chirma gap — Reported speech 2 Baho va munosabat — Attitude 1 Gap bo‘lagi — Sentence element 25
Grammatik turi
Zamonlar — Tenses & aspect 14 Modal fe’llar — Modals 12 Ergash gaplar — Clauses 12 Shart gaplar — Conditionals 11 Majhul nisbat va nominalizatsiya — Passive 8 Artikl va aniqlovchilar — Articles & determiners 11 Predloglar — Prepositions 11 Qiyoslash shakllari — Comparison 9 Fe’l qoliplari — Gerunds & infinitives 8 Bog‘lash vositalari — Linking & cohesion 12 Murakkab tuzilmalar — Advanced structures 8
5 / 116 shown Filtrlarni tozalash

Bog‘lash vositalari — Linking & cohesion

5 ta
Grammatika Daraja Ma’nosi Qo‘shilishi Namuna O‘xshashlari
however ★★★ 3 qarama-qarshilik — «biroq, lekin» (yangi jumla boshida) However, + S + V Online courses are convenient. However, they cannot replace laboratory work. Onlayn kurslar qulay. Biroq ular laboratoriya ishining o‘rnini bosa olmaydi. although / though / even though in contrast / on the other hand despite / in spite of
Batafsil — namunalar, farqi, xatolar

Shakl qoidasi

However — ravish, gaplarni bog‘lamaydi, balki yangi jumlani boshlaydi va vergul oladi. Gap o‘rtasida ishlatilsa ikki tomondan vergul: The policy, however, was abandoned.

Izoh — qachon ishlatiladi

Task 2 ning eng ko‘p ishlatiladigan bog‘lovchisi — aynan shuning uchun har xatboshida takrorlamang. Muqobillar: nevertheless, nonetheless, on the other hand, that said, by contrast.

⚠️ Tez-tez qilinadigan xato

❌ The plan was expensive however it worked. — however ikki gapni ulay olmaydi. ✅ … expensive; however, it worked. yoki ✅ … expensive, but it worked.

Namunalar

  • Online courses are convenient. However, they cannot replace laboratory work. Onlayn kurslar qulay. Biroq ular laboratoriya ishining o‘rnini bosa olmaydi.

O‘xshashlaridan farqi

To‘liq sahifasi
therefore / consequently ★★★ 3 natija — «shuning uchun, natijada» Therefore, + S + V Fuel prices rose sharply. Consequently, demand for public transport increased. Yoqilg‘i narxi keskin oshdi. Natijada jamoat transportiga talab ortdi. because / since / as result in / result from
Batafsil — namunalar, farqi, xatolar

Shakl qoidasi

Therefore / Consequently / As a result / Thus / Hence — jumla boshida vergul bilan, yoki nuqta-vergul bilan: …; therefore, … Thus va hence rasmiyroq va ixchamroq.

Izoh — qachon ishlatiladi

Sabab-natija zanjirini ko‘rsatish Task 2 ning yuragi. Xilma-xillik uchun jumla ichidagi variantlarga ham o‘ting: which is why, as a consequence, this has led to.

⚠️ Tez-tez qilinadigan xato

❌ Therefore of this… → ✅ Therefore, … yoki ✅ Because of this, …

Namunalar

  • Fuel prices rose sharply. Consequently, demand for public transport increased. Yoqilg‘i narxi keskin oshdi. Natijada jamoat transportiga talab ortdi.

O‘xshashlaridan farqi

To‘liq sahifasi
moreover / furthermore ★★☆ 3 qo‘shimcha dalil — «bundan tashqari, qolaversa» Moreover, + S + V Furthermore, congestion charges generate revenue for public transport. Qolaversa, tirbandlik yig‘imlari jamoat transporti uchun daromad keltiradi. firstly / secondly / finally not only … but also
Batafsil — namunalar, farqi, xatolar

Shakl qoidasi

Moreover / Furthermore / In addition / What is more — jumla boshida vergul bilan. In addition to + ot/-ing (bu — predlogli shakl, boshqa qolip).

Izoh — qachon ishlatiladi

⚠️ Eng ko‘p suiiste’mol qilinadigan bog‘lovchilar shu. Tekshiruvchi har xatboshi Moreover bilan boshlanganini darrov sezadi va buni «mexanik» deb baholaydi. Bitta inshoda 1-2 marta yetadi; qolganida gapni mazmun bilan bog‘lang (This is not the only concern…).

⚠️ Tez-tez qilinadigan xato

❌ In addition of the cost → ✅ In addition to the cost · ❌ Beside, … → ✅ Besides, …

Namunalar

  • Furthermore, congestion charges generate revenue for public transport. Qolaversa, tirbandlik yig‘imlari jamoat transporti uchun daromad keltiradi.

O‘xshashlaridan farqi

To‘liq sahifasi
for instance / such as ★★★ 3 misol keltirish — «masalan, ... kabi» For instance, + gap · noun + such as + noun Practical subjects such as cooking and budgeting are rarely taught at school. Ovqat pishirish va byudjet tuzish kabi amaliy fanlar maktabda kam o‘qitiladi. in particular / notably
Batafsil — namunalar, farqi, xatolar

Shakl qoidasi

For example / For instance, + to‘liq gap (vergul bilan) · such as / like + ot, vergulsiz: renewable sources such as wind and solar. e.g. — qavs ichida, insho matnida emas.

Izoh — qachon ishlatiladi

Task 2 da har bir dalilni misol bilan mustahkamlash kerak — Task Response bahosi shuni talab qiladi. Misol o‘ylab topilgan bo‘lishi ham mumkin, lekin aniq bo‘lsin: countries such as Norway and Denmark.

⚠️ Tez-tez qilinadigan xato

❌ such as the government invests → ✅ such as Norway (ot) yoki ✅ For instance, the government invests… (gap).

Namunalar

  • Practical subjects such as cooking and budgeting are rarely taught at school. Ovqat pishirish va byudjet tuzish kabi amaliy fanlar maktabda kam o‘qitiladi.

O‘xshashlaridan farqi

To‘liq sahifasi
in conclusion / overall ★★★ 3 yakun — «xulosa qilib aytganda; umuman olganda» In conclusion, + S + V Overall, the figures for both countries followed a similar upward trend. Umuman olganda, ikkala mamlakat ko‘rsatkichlari o‘xshash o‘sish tendensiyasini kuzatdi. firstly / secondly / finally
Batafsil — namunalar, farqi, xatolar

Shakl qoidasi

Task 2 xulosasi: In conclusion, / To conclude, / To sum up, · Task 1 umumiy manzarasi: Overall, / In general, / It is clear that.

Izoh — qachon ishlatiladi

⚠️ Ikkalasi bir xil emas. Task 1 da In conclusion emas, Overall yozing — Task 1 da fikr bildirilmaydi, faqat umumiy manzara beriladi. Va u ikkinchi xatboshi bo‘lishi mumkin, oxirida bo‘lishi shart emas.

Xulosada yangi dalil kiritmang — bu Task Response bahosini tushiradi.

⚠️ Tez-tez qilinadigan xato

❌ Task 1 da: In conclusion, I think this graph is interesting. → ✅ Overall, consumption rose in all four countries, with the sharpest increase in Vietnam.

Namunalar

  • Overall, the figures for both countries followed a similar upward trend. Umuman olganda, ikkala mamlakat ko‘rsatkichlari o‘xshash o‘sish tendensiyasini kuzatdi.

O‘xshashlaridan farqi

To‘liq sahifasi