Grammar bank · Grammatika bazasi

116 grammar patterns for IELTS — meaning, where it attaches, examples and the near-synonyms you keep mixing up.

Qanday ishlatiladi: bitta grammatikani qidirsangiz — yuqoridagi qidiruvdan yozing. Bir-biriga o‘xshash grammatikalarni solishtirish uchun “Ma’nosi bo‘yicha” ko‘rinishiga o‘ting: bir xil ma’noli barcha shakllar (masalan, hamma sabab grammatikalari) yonma-yon turadi. Har qatordagi “Batafsil” ni bosing — namunalar, farqi va tez-tez qilinadigan xatolar ochiladi.
Ko‘rinish
Turi bo‘yicha Ma’nosi bo‘yicha (sinonimlar)
Band daraja
Band 5 5 Band 5.5 15 Band 6 25 Band 6.5 31 Band 7 22 Band 7.5+ 18
Ma’no guruhi
Sabab — Cause 2 Natija — Result & consequence 3 Qarama-qarshilik — Contrast 5 Qarshi qo‘yish — Concession 3 Shart — Condition 8 Vaqt va ketma-ketlik — Time & sequence 15 Maqsad — Purpose 3 Qiyoslash — Comparison 7 O‘zgarish va tendensiya — Trend & change 2 Daraja va miqdor — Degree & quantity 10 Ehtiyotkor fikr — Hedging 5 Ta’kid — Emphasis 5 Misol keltirish — Exemplification 1 Umumlashtirish — Summarising 1 Ishora va o‘rin bosish — Reference 3 Sanash va qo‘shish — Listing & addition 4 Taxmin — Speculation 3 Majburiyat va ruxsat — Obligation 7 Imkoniyat — Possibility & ability 1 Ko‘chirma gap — Reported speech 2 Baho va munosabat — Attitude 1 Gap bo‘lagi — Sentence element 25
Grammatik turi
Zamonlar — Tenses & aspect 14 Modal fe’llar — Modals 12 Ergash gaplar — Clauses 12 Shart gaplar — Conditionals 11 Majhul nisbat va nominalizatsiya — Passive 8 Artikl va aniqlovchilar — Articles & determiners 11 Predloglar — Prepositions 11 Qiyoslash shakllari — Comparison 9 Fe’l qoliplari — Gerunds & infinitives 8 Bog‘lash vositalari — Linking & cohesion 12 Murakkab tuzilmalar — Advanced structures 8
3 / 116 shown Filtrlarni tozalash

Zamonlar — Tenses & aspect

3 ta
Grammatika Daraja Ma’nosi Qo‘shilishi Namuna O‘xshashlari
present perfect continuous ★☆☆ 5 hozirgi tugallangan davomiy — o‘tmishda boshlanib, hozir ham davom etayotgan jarayon S + have/has been + V-ing Researchers have been studying this phenomenon since the 1980s. Tadqiqotchilar bu hodisani 1980-yillardan beri o‘rganib kelmoqda. present perfect
Batafsil — namunalar, farqi, xatolar

Shakl qoidasi

have/has been + -ing. Odatda for / since bilan. Holat fe’llari (know, believe) bilan ishlatilmaydi.

Izoh — qachon ishlatiladi

Davomiylikning o‘zini ta’kidlaydi: Scientists have been warning about this for decades. — «yillar davomida ogohlantirib kelishmoqda». Bitta yaxshi joyda ishlatilgan bu shakl Grammatical Range bahosini oshiradi.

⚠️ Tez-tez qilinadigan xato

❌ I am living here since 2019 → ✅ I have been living here since 2019 — o‘zbekcha «yashayapman» present continuous’ni tortadi, lekin ingliz tilida since bo‘lsa perfect kerak.

Namunalar

  • Researchers have been studying this phenomenon since the 1980s. Tadqiqotchilar bu hodisani 1980-yillardan beri o‘rganib kelmoqda.

O‘xshashlaridan farqi

  • present perfect — perfect = qancha/qanday natija; perfect continuous = qancha VAQTDAN beri davom etayotgani
To‘liq sahifasi
future continuous ★☆☆ 5 kelasi davomiy — kelajakning ma’lum bir paytida davom etayotgan bo‘ladi S + will be + V-ing By 2040, millions of drivers will be using electric vehicles. 2040-yilga borib millionlab haydovchi elektromobildan foydalanayotgan bo‘ladi. will future perfect
Batafsil — namunalar, farqi, xatolar

Shakl qoidasi

will be + -ing.

Izoh — qachon ishlatiladi

Speaking Part 3 da kelajak haqidagi savolga o‘zgacha javob beradi: In ten years’ time, most people will be working remotely. Bitta shunday jumla Grammatical Range uchun yaxshi dalil.

Namunalar

  • By 2040, millions of drivers will be using electric vehicles. 2040-yilga borib millionlab haydovchi elektromobildan foydalanayotgan bo‘ladi.

O‘xshashlaridan farqi

  • will — will = oddiy bashorat; will be doing = o‘sha paytda davom etayotgan holat
  • future perfect — future perfect = o‘sha paytga qadar TUGAGAN bo‘ladi
To‘liq sahifasi
would (past habit) ★☆☆ 5 o‘tmishda takrorlangan harakat — «... qilib turardi» S + would + V (yalang‘och) Every summer we would visit my grandparents in the village. Har yozda buvim va bobomnikiga qishloqqa borar edik. used to
Batafsil — namunalar, farqi, xatolar

Shakl qoidasi

would + asosiy fe’l. Faqat harakat fe’llari bilan; holat fe’llari (be, have, know) bilan used to ishlatiladi.

Izoh — qachon ishlatiladi

Speaking Part 2 (bolalik haqidagi kartochkalar) uchun tayyor vosita: avval used to bilan fonni bering, keyin would bilan davom eting — takrorlanish bo‘lmaydi va imtihon oluvchi buni sezadi.

⚠️ Tez-tez qilinadigan xato

❌ My village would be very small → ✅ used to be — holat fe’li bilan would ishlamaydi.

Namunalar

  • Every summer we would visit my grandparents in the village. Har yozda buvim va bobomnikiga qishloqqa borar edik.

O‘xshashlaridan farqi

  • used to — used to = ham odat, ham holat; would = faqat takrorlangan harakat
To‘liq sahifasi