Grammar bank · Grammatika bazasi

116 grammar patterns for IELTS — meaning, where it attaches, examples and the near-synonyms you keep mixing up.

Qanday ishlatiladi: bitta grammatikani qidirsangiz — yuqoridagi qidiruvdan yozing. Bir-biriga o‘xshash grammatikalarni solishtirish uchun “Ma’nosi bo‘yicha” ko‘rinishiga o‘ting: bir xil ma’noli barcha shakllar (masalan, hamma sabab grammatikalari) yonma-yon turadi. Har qatordagi “Batafsil” ni bosing — namunalar, farqi va tez-tez qilinadigan xatolar ochiladi.
Ko‘rinish
Turi bo‘yicha Ma’nosi bo‘yicha (sinonimlar)
Band daraja
Band 5 5 Band 5.5 15 Band 6 25 Band 6.5 31 Band 7 22 Band 7.5+ 18
Ma’no guruhi
Sabab — Cause 2 Natija — Result & consequence 3 Qarama-qarshilik — Contrast 5 Qarshi qo‘yish — Concession 3 Shart — Condition 8 Vaqt va ketma-ketlik — Time & sequence 15 Maqsad — Purpose 3 Qiyoslash — Comparison 7 O‘zgarish va tendensiya — Trend & change 2 Daraja va miqdor — Degree & quantity 10 Ehtiyotkor fikr — Hedging 5 Ta’kid — Emphasis 5 Misol keltirish — Exemplification 1 Umumlashtirish — Summarising 1 Ishora va o‘rin bosish — Reference 3 Sanash va qo‘shish — Listing & addition 4 Taxmin — Speculation 3 Majburiyat va ruxsat — Obligation 7 Imkoniyat — Possibility & ability 1 Ko‘chirma gap — Reported speech 2 Baho va munosabat — Attitude 1 Gap bo‘lagi — Sentence element 25
Grammatik turi
Zamonlar — Tenses & aspect 14 Modal fe’llar — Modals 12 Ergash gaplar — Clauses 12 Shart gaplar — Conditionals 11 Majhul nisbat va nominalizatsiya — Passive 8 Artikl va aniqlovchilar — Articles & determiners 11 Predloglar — Prepositions 11 Qiyoslash shakllari — Comparison 9 Fe’l qoliplari — Gerunds & infinitives 8 Bog‘lash vositalari — Linking & cohesion 12 Murakkab tuzilmalar — Advanced structures 8
4 / 116 shown Filtrlarni tozalash

Qarama-qarshilik — Contrast

1 ta
Grammatika Daraja Ma’nosi Qo‘shilishi Namuna O‘xshashlari
whereas / while ★★★ 4 solishtirma qarama-qarshilik — «... bo‘lsa, ... esa» S + V, whereas + S + V In 2000, 40% of homes had internet access, whereas by 2015 the figure had reached 90%. 2000-yilda uylarning 40% da internet bor edi, 2015-yilga kelib esa bu ko‘rsatkich 90% ga yetdi. although / though / even though in contrast / on the other hand
Batafsil — namunalar, farqi, xatolar

Shakl qoidasi

whereas / while + to‘liq gap. Odatda oldidan vergul qo‘yiladi. while ning ikkinchi ma’nosi ham bor («davomida»), shuning uchun aniq solishtirma uchun whereas xavfsizroq.

Izoh — qachon ishlatiladi

Task 1 ning eng kerakli bog‘lovchisi — ikki ustunni bitta gapda solishtiradi: Spending on housing rose steadily, whereas spending on food remained flat.

Har bir Task 1 tanasida kamida ikkita shunday gap bo‘lsin.

⚠️ Tez-tez qilinadigan xato

❌ Whereas, the figure for Japan was higher. — whereas yangi jumla boshlamaydi; u ikki qismni ichkaridan bog‘laydi.

Namunalar

  • In 2000, 40% of homes had internet access, whereas by 2015 the figure had reached 90%. 2000-yilda uylarning 40% da internet bor edi, 2015-yilga kelib esa bu ko‘rsatkich 90% ga yetdi.

O‘xshashlaridan farqi

To‘liq sahifasi

Vaqt va ketma-ketlik — Time & sequence

1 ta
Grammatika Daraja Ma’nosi Qo‘shilishi Namuna O‘xshashlari
as soon as / by the time / once ★☆☆ 4 vaqt ergash gaplari — «... bilanoq, ... ga qadar, bir marta ... bo‘lsa» As soon as + S + V(present), S + will + V Once renewable energy becomes cheaper, adoption will accelerate. Qayta tiklanuvchi energiya arzonlashishi bilan uning joriy etilishi tezlashadi. the tense of the chart (Task 1)
Batafsil — namunalar, farqi, xatolar

Shakl qoidasi

⚠️ Vaqt ergash gapida kelasi zamon ishlatilmaydi: ❌ as soon as he will arrive → ✅ as soon as he arrives. by the time ko‘pincha perfect bilan: by the time they acted, the damage had been done.

Izoh — qachon ishlatiladi

Speaking Part 3 da kelajak haqida gapirganda bu qoida tez-tez buziladi — shuning uchun uni yodda saqlang: when / as soon as / once / until / before / after dan keyin present, asosiy gapda will.

Namunalar

  • Once renewable energy becomes cheaper, adoption will accelerate. Qayta tiklanuvchi energiya arzonlashishi bilan uning joriy etilishi tezlashadi.

O‘xshashlaridan farqi

To‘liq sahifasi

Maqsad — Purpose

1 ta
Grammatika Daraja Ma’nosi Qo‘shilishi Namuna O‘xshashlari
so that / in order that ★★☆ 4 maqsad — «... bo‘lishi uchun» S + V + so that + S + can/will + V Schools provide free meals so that no child studies on an empty stomach. Maktablar bepul ovqat beradi, toki hech bir bola och qorinda o‘qimasin. in order to / so as to
Batafsil — namunalar, farqi, xatolar

Shakl qoidasi

so that + to‘liq gap, odatda ichida can / could / will / would: …so that people can access services. ❌ so that to access.

Izoh — qachon ishlatiladi

Maqsadni ikki xil ayting va takrorlanishdan qoching: to + fe’l (ixcham) · in order to (rasmiy) · so that + gap (ega o‘zgarganda majburiy).

Ega o‘zgarsa faqat so that ishlaydi: The city built cycle lanes so that residents could commute safely.

⚠️ Tez-tez qilinadigan xato

❌ Governments should subsidise buses for reduce congestion. → ✅ to reduce / in order to reduce congestion.

Namunalar

  • Schools provide free meals so that no child studies on an empty stomach. Maktablar bepul ovqat beradi, toki hech bir bola och qorinda o‘qimasin.

O‘xshashlaridan farqi

To‘liq sahifasi

Gap bo‘lagi — Sentence element

1 ta
Grammatika Daraja Ma’nosi Qo‘shilishi Namuna O‘xshashlari
wh-clause ★★☆ 4 so‘roq so‘zli ergash gap — «nima/qanday/nega ... ligi» verb + what/how/why/whether + S + V The table illustrates how many hours people spent online each week. Jadval odamlar har hafta internetda necha soat o‘tkazganini ko‘rsatadi. that-clause
Batafsil — namunalar, farqi, xatolar

Shakl qoidasi

⚠️ Ichkarida so‘roq tartibi ISHLATILMAYDI: ❌ I don’t know where is it → ✅ I don’t know where it is. do/does/did ham tushadi: ❌ how does it work → ✅ how it works.

Izoh — qachon ishlatiladi

Task 1 kirishini qayta yozishning eng qulay usuli: The chart shows how much electricity each country produced. — savol matnini ko‘chirmasdan boshqacha aytasiz.

⚠️ Tez-tez qilinadigan xato

❌ The graph shows what is the number of students → ✅ shows what the number of students is, yoki soddaroq: ✅ shows the number of students.

Namunalar

  • The table illustrates how many hours people spent online each week. Jadval odamlar har hafta internetda necha soat o‘tkazganini ko‘rsatadi.
  • It is unclear whether stricter laws would reduce crime. Qattiqroq qonunlar jinoyatchilikni kamaytirar-kamaytirmasligi noaniq.

O‘xshashlaridan farqi

  • that-clause — that = tasdiqni uzatadi; wh-clause = savolni uzatadi
To‘liq sahifasi