Grammar bank · Grammatika bazasi

116 grammar patterns for IELTS — meaning, where it attaches, examples and the near-synonyms you keep mixing up.

Qanday ishlatiladi: bitta grammatikani qidirsangiz — yuqoridagi qidiruvdan yozing. Bir-biriga o‘xshash grammatikalarni solishtirish uchun “Ma’nosi bo‘yicha” ko‘rinishiga o‘ting: bir xil ma’noli barcha shakllar (masalan, hamma sabab grammatikalari) yonma-yon turadi. Har qatordagi “Batafsil” ni bosing — namunalar, farqi va tez-tez qilinadigan xatolar ochiladi.
Ko‘rinish
Turi bo‘yicha Ma’nosi bo‘yicha (sinonimlar)
Band daraja
Band 5 5 Band 5.5 15 Band 6 25 Band 6.5 31 Band 7 22 Band 7.5+ 18
Ma’no guruhi
Sabab — Cause 2 Natija — Result & consequence 3 Qarama-qarshilik — Contrast 5 Qarshi qo‘yish — Concession 3 Shart — Condition 8 Vaqt va ketma-ketlik — Time & sequence 15 Maqsad — Purpose 3 Qiyoslash — Comparison 7 O‘zgarish va tendensiya — Trend & change 2 Daraja va miqdor — Degree & quantity 10 Ehtiyotkor fikr — Hedging 5 Ta’kid — Emphasis 5 Misol keltirish — Exemplification 1 Umumlashtirish — Summarising 1 Ishora va o‘rin bosish — Reference 3 Sanash va qo‘shish — Listing & addition 4 Taxmin — Speculation 3 Majburiyat va ruxsat — Obligation 7 Imkoniyat — Possibility & ability 1 Ko‘chirma gap — Reported speech 2 Baho va munosabat — Attitude 1 Gap bo‘lagi — Sentence element 25
Grammatik turi
Zamonlar — Tenses & aspect 14 Modal fe’llar — Modals 12 Ergash gaplar — Clauses 12 Shart gaplar — Conditionals 11 Majhul nisbat va nominalizatsiya — Passive 8 Artikl va aniqlovchilar — Articles & determiners 11 Predloglar — Prepositions 11 Qiyoslash shakllari — Comparison 9 Fe’l qoliplari — Gerunds & infinitives 8 Bog‘lash vositalari — Linking & cohesion 12 Murakkab tuzilmalar — Advanced structures 8
3 / 116 shown Filtrlarni tozalash

Shart — Condition

2 ta
Grammatika Daraja Ma’nosi Qo‘shilishi Namuna O‘xshashlari
the mixed conditional ★☆☆ 6 aralash shart — o‘tmishdagi shart, hozirgi natija If + past perfect, would + V (hozir) If she had studied medicine, she would be a doctor now. Agar u tibbiyotni o‘qiganida, hozir shifokor bo‘lardi. the third conditional
Batafsil — namunalar, farqi, xatolar

Shakl qoidasi

If + had + V3 (o‘tmish sharti), asosiy gapda would + yalang‘och fe’l (hozirgi natija) — «have» yo‘q.

Izoh — qachon ishlatiladi

Band 7.5+ belgisi, chunki ikki vaqtni bitta gapda ushlab turadi: If the government had invested in rail in the 1980s, the country would have a modern network today.

Bir marta, o‘rniga tushib ishlatilsa — juda kuchli. Zo‘rlab tiqilsa — xato.

Namunalar

  • If she had studied medicine, she would be a doctor now. Agar u tibbiyotni o‘qiganida, hozir shifokor bo‘lardi.

O‘xshashlaridan farqi

To‘liq sahifasi
if it were not for ★☆☆ 6 «... bo‘lmaganida edi» — bitta omilga bog‘liq natija If it were not for + noun, S + would + V If it were not for remittances, many rural households would struggle. Chetdan kelayotgan pul o‘tkazmalari bo‘lmaganida, ko‘p qishloq xonadonlari qiynalgan bo‘lardi. the second conditional inversion
Batafsil — namunalar, farqi, xatolar

Shakl qoidasi

Hozir: If it were not for + ot · O‘tmish: If it had not been for + ot. Rasmiy inversiya shakli: Were it not for … / Had it not been for …

Izoh — qachon ishlatiladi

Bitta omilning hal qiluvchi rolini ta’kidlaydi: Were it not for government subsidies, the industry would have collapsed. — inversiya bilan Band 7.5+ ohangini beradi.

Namunalar

  • If it were not for remittances, many rural households would struggle. Chetdan kelayotgan pul o‘tkazmalari bo‘lmaganida, ko‘p qishloq xonadonlari qiynalgan bo‘lardi.

O‘xshashlaridan farqi

  • the second conditional — bu — second/third conditional’ning «bitta omil» varianti
  • inversion — Were it not for … = shu qolipning inversiyali shakli
To‘liq sahifasi

Majburiyat va ruxsat — Obligation

1 ta
Grammatika Daraja Ma’nosi Qo‘shilishi Namuna O‘xshashlari
it's time + past simple ★☆☆ 6 kechikkan zaruriyat — «endi ... qiladigan vaqt keldi» It is (high) time + S + past simple It is high time schools reconsidered the amount of homework they set. Maktablar beradigan uy vazifasi hajmini qayta ko‘rib chiqish vaqti allaqachon keldi. should / ought to
Batafsil — namunalar, farqi, xatolar

Shakl qoidasi

It is time / It is high time + ega + past simple (shakli o‘tmish, ma’nosi hozir): It is high time governments took this seriously. Muqobil: It is time to + fe’l.

Izoh — qachon ishlatiladi

Xulosaga kuch beradigan, lekin kam ishlatiladigan qolip. Bir insho ichida bir marta — va faqat da’vongiz qat’iy bo‘lsa.

⚠️ Tez-tez qilinadigan xato

❌ It is high time governments take action → ✅ took action.

Namunalar

  • It is high time schools reconsidered the amount of homework they set. Maktablar beradigan uy vazifasi hajmini qayta ko‘rib chiqish vaqti allaqachon keldi.

O‘xshashlaridan farqi

  • should / ought to — should = neytral tavsiya; it's high time = kechikkanini ta’kidlaydi
To‘liq sahifasi