Grammar bank · Grammatika bazasi

116 grammar patterns for IELTS — meaning, where it attaches, examples and the near-synonyms you keep mixing up.

Qanday ishlatiladi: bitta grammatikani qidirsangiz — yuqoridagi qidiruvdan yozing. Bir-biriga o‘xshash grammatikalarni solishtirish uchun “Ma’nosi bo‘yicha” ko‘rinishiga o‘ting: bir xil ma’noli barcha shakllar (masalan, hamma sabab grammatikalari) yonma-yon turadi. Har qatordagi “Batafsil” ni bosing — namunalar, farqi va tez-tez qilinadigan xatolar ochiladi.
Ko‘rinish
Turi bo‘yicha Ma’nosi bo‘yicha (sinonimlar)
Band daraja
Band 5 5 Band 5.5 15 Band 6 25 Band 6.5 31 Band 7 22 Band 7.5+ 18
Ma’no guruhi
Sabab — Cause 2 Natija — Result & consequence 3 Qarama-qarshilik — Contrast 5 Qarshi qo‘yish — Concession 3 Shart — Condition 8 Vaqt va ketma-ketlik — Time & sequence 15 Maqsad — Purpose 3 Qiyoslash — Comparison 7 O‘zgarish va tendensiya — Trend & change 2 Daraja va miqdor — Degree & quantity 10 Ehtiyotkor fikr — Hedging 5 Ta’kid — Emphasis 5 Misol keltirish — Exemplification 1 Umumlashtirish — Summarising 1 Ishora va o‘rin bosish — Reference 3 Sanash va qo‘shish — Listing & addition 4 Taxmin — Speculation 3 Majburiyat va ruxsat — Obligation 7 Imkoniyat — Possibility & ability 1 Ko‘chirma gap — Reported speech 2 Baho va munosabat — Attitude 1 Gap bo‘lagi — Sentence element 25
Grammatik turi
Zamonlar — Tenses & aspect 14 Modal fe’llar — Modals 12 Ergash gaplar — Clauses 12 Shart gaplar — Conditionals 11 Majhul nisbat va nominalizatsiya — Passive 8 Artikl va aniqlovchilar — Articles & determiners 11 Predloglar — Prepositions 11 Qiyoslash shakllari — Comparison 9 Fe’l qoliplari — Gerunds & infinitives 8 Bog‘lash vositalari — Linking & cohesion 12 Murakkab tuzilmalar — Advanced structures 8
2 / 116 shown Filtrlarni tozalash

Zamonlar — Tenses & aspect

1 ta
Grammatika Daraja Ma’nosi Qo‘shilishi Namuna O‘xshashlari
future perfect ★☆☆ 6 kelasi tugallangan — kelajakdagi bir vaqtga qadar tugagan bo‘ladi S + will have + V3 (+ by 2030) By 2030, the country will have cut its emissions by half. 2030-yilga borib mamlakat chiqindilarini ikki baravar qisqartirgan bo‘ladi. future continuous
Batafsil — namunalar, farqi, xatolar

Shakl qoidasi

will have + 3-shakl. Deyarli doim by + sana bilan: by 2050, by the end of the decade.

Izoh — qachon ishlatiladi

Bashoratli grafiklar (projection) uchun tayyor qolip: By 2050, the urban population will have overtaken the rural one.

⚠️ Tez-tez qilinadigan xato

❌ By 2050 the population will overtake… — noto‘g‘ri emas, lekin by bilan future perfect aniqroq va band-ballga foydaliroq.

Namunalar

  • By 2030, the country will have cut its emissions by half. 2030-yilga borib mamlakat chiqindilarini ikki baravar qisqartirgan bo‘ladi.

O‘xshashlaridan farqi

  • future continuous — future continuous = davom etayotgan bo‘ladi; future perfect = tugagan bo‘ladi
To‘liq sahifasi

Murakkab tuzilmalar — Advanced structures

1 ta
Grammatika Daraja Ma’nosi Qo‘shilishi Namuna O‘xshashlari
participle clause ★★☆ 6 ravishdosh oboroti — «... qilib; ... bo‘lgani uchun» V-ing/V3 + …, S + V Given the rising cost of housing, many young people continue to live with their parents. Uy-joy narxining oshib borishini hisobga olsak, ko‘p yoshlar ota-onasi bilan yashashda davom etmoqda. reduced relative clause because / since / as
Batafsil — namunalar, farqi, xatolar

Shakl qoidasi

Aniq nisbat: -ing (Having considered both views, …) · Majhul: V3 (Faced with rising costs, firms …). ⚠️ Ega bir xil bo‘lishi shart — aks holda «dangling participle» xatosi chiqadi.

Izoh — qachon ishlatiladi

Ikki gapni bittaga siqadi va matnni akademik qiladi:

Because the government had reduced subsidies, prices rose. → Having reduced subsidies, the government saw prices rise.

Sabab ma’nosida: Given the scale of the problem, … — bu tayyor va juda ishonchli qolip.

⚠️ Tez-tez qilinadigan xato

❌ Walking into the room, the lights were on. — chiroqlar yurmaydi! ✅ Walking into the room, I saw that the lights were on.

Namunalar

  • Given the rising cost of housing, many young people continue to live with their parents. Uy-joy narxining oshib borishini hisobga olsak, ko‘p yoshlar ota-onasi bilan yashashda davom etmoqda.
  • Having examined both sides, this essay argues that the benefits are greater. Ikkala tomonni ko‘rib chiqqach, ushbu insho foyda ko‘proq degan fikrni ilgari suradi.

O‘xshashlaridan farqi

To‘liq sahifasi