Grammar bank · Grammatika bazasi

116 grammar patterns for IELTS — meaning, where it attaches, examples and the near-synonyms you keep mixing up.

Qanday ishlatiladi: bitta grammatikani qidirsangiz — yuqoridagi qidiruvdan yozing. Bir-biriga o‘xshash grammatikalarni solishtirish uchun “Ma’nosi bo‘yicha” ko‘rinishiga o‘ting: bir xil ma’noli barcha shakllar (masalan, hamma sabab grammatikalari) yonma-yon turadi. Har qatordagi “Batafsil” ni bosing — namunalar, farqi va tez-tez qilinadigan xatolar ochiladi.
Ko‘rinish
Turi bo‘yicha Ma’nosi bo‘yicha (sinonimlar)
Band daraja
Band 5 5 Band 5.5 15 Band 6 25 Band 6.5 31 Band 7 22 Band 7.5+ 18
Ma’no guruhi
Sabab — Cause 2 Natija — Result & consequence 3 Qarama-qarshilik — Contrast 5 Qarshi qo‘yish — Concession 3 Shart — Condition 8 Vaqt va ketma-ketlik — Time & sequence 15 Maqsad — Purpose 3 Qiyoslash — Comparison 7 O‘zgarish va tendensiya — Trend & change 2 Daraja va miqdor — Degree & quantity 10 Ehtiyotkor fikr — Hedging 5 Ta’kid — Emphasis 5 Misol keltirish — Exemplification 1 Umumlashtirish — Summarising 1 Ishora va o‘rin bosish — Reference 3 Sanash va qo‘shish — Listing & addition 4 Taxmin — Speculation 3 Majburiyat va ruxsat — Obligation 7 Imkoniyat — Possibility & ability 1 Ko‘chirma gap — Reported speech 2 Baho va munosabat — Attitude 1 Gap bo‘lagi — Sentence element 25
Grammatik turi
Zamonlar — Tenses & aspect 14 Modal fe’llar — Modals 12 Ergash gaplar — Clauses 12 Shart gaplar — Conditionals 11 Majhul nisbat va nominalizatsiya — Passive 8 Artikl va aniqlovchilar — Articles & determiners 11 Predloglar — Prepositions 11 Qiyoslash shakllari — Comparison 9 Fe’l qoliplari — Gerunds & infinitives 8 Bog‘lash vositalari — Linking & cohesion 12 Murakkab tuzilmalar — Advanced structures 8
4 / 116 shown Filtrlarni tozalash

Ergash gaplar — Clauses

4 ta
Grammatika Daraja Ma’nosi Qo‘shilishi Namuna O‘xshashlari
wh-clause ★★☆ 4 so‘roq so‘zli ergash gap — «nima/qanday/nega ... ligi» verb + what/how/why/whether + S + V The table illustrates how many hours people spent online each week. Jadval odamlar har hafta internetda necha soat o‘tkazganini ko‘rsatadi. that-clause
Batafsil — namunalar, farqi, xatolar

Shakl qoidasi

⚠️ Ichkarida so‘roq tartibi ISHLATILMAYDI: ❌ I don’t know where is it → ✅ I don’t know where it is. do/does/did ham tushadi: ❌ how does it work → ✅ how it works.

Izoh — qachon ishlatiladi

Task 1 kirishini qayta yozishning eng qulay usuli: The chart shows how much electricity each country produced. — savol matnini ko‘chirmasdan boshqacha aytasiz.

⚠️ Tez-tez qilinadigan xato

❌ The graph shows what is the number of students → ✅ shows what the number of students is, yoki soddaroq: ✅ shows the number of students.

Namunalar

  • The table illustrates how many hours people spent online each week. Jadval odamlar har hafta internetda necha soat o‘tkazganini ko‘rsatadi.
  • It is unclear whether stricter laws would reduce crime. Qattiqroq qonunlar jinoyatchilikni kamaytirar-kamaytirmasligi noaniq.

O‘xshashlaridan farqi

  • that-clause — that = tasdiqni uzatadi; wh-clause = savolni uzatadi
To‘liq sahifasi
whereas / while ★★★ 4 solishtirma qarama-qarshilik — «... bo‘lsa, ... esa» S + V, whereas + S + V In 2000, 40% of homes had internet access, whereas by 2015 the figure had reached 90%. 2000-yilda uylarning 40% da internet bor edi, 2015-yilga kelib esa bu ko‘rsatkich 90% ga yetdi. although / though / even though in contrast / on the other hand
Batafsil — namunalar, farqi, xatolar

Shakl qoidasi

whereas / while + to‘liq gap. Odatda oldidan vergul qo‘yiladi. while ning ikkinchi ma’nosi ham bor («davomida»), shuning uchun aniq solishtirma uchun whereas xavfsizroq.

Izoh — qachon ishlatiladi

Task 1 ning eng kerakli bog‘lovchisi — ikki ustunni bitta gapda solishtiradi: Spending on housing rose steadily, whereas spending on food remained flat.

Har bir Task 1 tanasida kamida ikkita shunday gap bo‘lsin.

⚠️ Tez-tez qilinadigan xato

❌ Whereas, the figure for Japan was higher. — whereas yangi jumla boshlamaydi; u ikki qismni ichkaridan bog‘laydi.

Namunalar

  • In 2000, 40% of homes had internet access, whereas by 2015 the figure had reached 90%. 2000-yilda uylarning 40% da internet bor edi, 2015-yilga kelib esa bu ko‘rsatkich 90% ga yetdi.

O‘xshashlaridan farqi

To‘liq sahifasi
so that / in order that ★★☆ 4 maqsad — «... bo‘lishi uchun» S + V + so that + S + can/will + V Schools provide free meals so that no child studies on an empty stomach. Maktablar bepul ovqat beradi, toki hech bir bola och qorinda o‘qimasin. in order to / so as to
Batafsil — namunalar, farqi, xatolar

Shakl qoidasi

so that + to‘liq gap, odatda ichida can / could / will / would: …so that people can access services. ❌ so that to access.

Izoh — qachon ishlatiladi

Maqsadni ikki xil ayting va takrorlanishdan qoching: to + fe’l (ixcham) · in order to (rasmiy) · so that + gap (ega o‘zgarganda majburiy).

Ega o‘zgarsa faqat so that ishlaydi: The city built cycle lanes so that residents could commute safely.

⚠️ Tez-tez qilinadigan xato

❌ Governments should subsidise buses for reduce congestion. → ✅ to reduce / in order to reduce congestion.

Namunalar

  • Schools provide free meals so that no child studies on an empty stomach. Maktablar bepul ovqat beradi, toki hech bir bola och qorinda o‘qimasin.

O‘xshashlaridan farqi

To‘liq sahifasi
as soon as / by the time / once ★☆☆ 4 vaqt ergash gaplari — «... bilanoq, ... ga qadar, bir marta ... bo‘lsa» As soon as + S + V(present), S + will + V Once renewable energy becomes cheaper, adoption will accelerate. Qayta tiklanuvchi energiya arzonlashishi bilan uning joriy etilishi tezlashadi. the tense of the chart (Task 1)
Batafsil — namunalar, farqi, xatolar

Shakl qoidasi

⚠️ Vaqt ergash gapida kelasi zamon ishlatilmaydi: ❌ as soon as he will arrive → ✅ as soon as he arrives. by the time ko‘pincha perfect bilan: by the time they acted, the damage had been done.

Izoh — qachon ishlatiladi

Speaking Part 3 da kelajak haqida gapirganda bu qoida tez-tez buziladi — shuning uchun uni yodda saqlang: when / as soon as / once / until / before / after dan keyin present, asosiy gapda will.

Namunalar

  • Once renewable energy becomes cheaper, adoption will accelerate. Qayta tiklanuvchi energiya arzonlashishi bilan uning joriy etilishi tezlashadi.

O‘xshashlaridan farqi

To‘liq sahifasi