Grammar bank · Grammatika bazasi

116 grammar patterns for IELTS — meaning, where it attaches, examples and the near-synonyms you keep mixing up.

Qanday ishlatiladi: bitta grammatikani qidirsangiz — yuqoridagi qidiruvdan yozing. Bir-biriga o‘xshash grammatikalarni solishtirish uchun “Ma’nosi bo‘yicha” ko‘rinishiga o‘ting: bir xil ma’noli barcha shakllar (masalan, hamma sabab grammatikalari) yonma-yon turadi. Har qatordagi “Batafsil” ni bosing — namunalar, farqi va tez-tez qilinadigan xatolar ochiladi.
Ko‘rinish
Turi bo‘yicha Ma’nosi bo‘yicha (sinonimlar)
Band daraja
Band 5 5 Band 5.5 15 Band 6 25 Band 6.5 31 Band 7 22 Band 7.5+ 18
Ma’no guruhi
Sabab — Cause 2 Natija — Result & consequence 3 Qarama-qarshilik — Contrast 5 Qarshi qo‘yish — Concession 3 Shart — Condition 8 Vaqt va ketma-ketlik — Time & sequence 15 Maqsad — Purpose 3 Qiyoslash — Comparison 7 O‘zgarish va tendensiya — Trend & change 2 Daraja va miqdor — Degree & quantity 10 Ehtiyotkor fikr — Hedging 5 Ta’kid — Emphasis 5 Misol keltirish — Exemplification 1 Umumlashtirish — Summarising 1 Ishora va o‘rin bosish — Reference 3 Sanash va qo‘shish — Listing & addition 4 Taxmin — Speculation 3 Majburiyat va ruxsat — Obligation 7 Imkoniyat — Possibility & ability 1 Ko‘chirma gap — Reported speech 2 Baho va munosabat — Attitude 1 Gap bo‘lagi — Sentence element 25
Grammatik turi
Zamonlar — Tenses & aspect 14 Modal fe’llar — Modals 12 Ergash gaplar — Clauses 12 Shart gaplar — Conditionals 11 Majhul nisbat va nominalizatsiya — Passive 8 Artikl va aniqlovchilar — Articles & determiners 11 Predloglar — Prepositions 11 Qiyoslash shakllari — Comparison 9 Fe’l qoliplari — Gerunds & infinitives 8 Bog‘lash vositalari — Linking & cohesion 12 Murakkab tuzilmalar — Advanced structures 8
4 / 116 shown Filtrlarni tozalash

Shart — Condition

2 ta
Grammatika Daraja Ma’nosi Qo‘shilishi Namuna O‘xshashlari
the third conditional ★★☆ 5 o‘tmishdagi xayoliy shart — «agar ... bo‘lganida edi, ... bo‘lardi» If + past perfect, would have + V3 If the factory had installed filters earlier, the river would not have been polluted. Agar zavod filtrlarni ertaroq o‘rnatganida, daryo ifloslanmagan bo‘lardi. the second conditional the mixed conditional past perfect
Batafsil — namunalar, farqi, xatolar

Shakl qoidasi

If + had + V3, asosiy gapda would/could/might have + V3. Ikki tarafda ham «perfect» bor — shuni yodda tuting.

Izoh — qachon ishlatiladi

O‘tmishdagi xatoni tahlil qiladi — Task 2 da tarixiy misol keltirganda ishlaydi: If stricter rules had been introduced in the 1990s, emissions would have peaked far earlier.

Speaking Part 2 da afsus bildirish uchun ham tabiiy.

⚠️ Tez-tez qilinadigan xato

❌ If I would have known → ✅ If I had known. would have faqat ikkinchi tarafda.

Namunalar

  • If the factory had installed filters earlier, the river would not have been polluted. Agar zavod filtrlarni ertaroq o‘rnatganida, daryo ifloslanmagan bo‘lardi.

O‘xshashlaridan farqi

To‘liq sahifasi
provided that / as long as ★★☆ 5 shart bilan rozilik — «... shart bilan, toki ... ekan» S + V, provided that + S + V Technology improves education, as long as teachers are properly trained. Texnologiya ta’limni yaxshilaydi, toki o‘qituvchilar yetarli tayyorgarlikka ega bo‘lsa. unless the first conditional
Batafsil — namunalar, farqi, xatolar

Shakl qoidasi

provided (that) / providing that / as long as / on condition that + present simple. Ma’nosi if ga yaqin, lekin «faqat shu shart bajarilsa» degan cheklovni qo‘shadi.

Izoh — qachon ishlatiladi

Muvozanatli xulosa yozishning eng oson yo‘li — bir tomonni to‘liq rad etmasdan shart qo‘yasiz: Tourism can benefit local communities, provided that profits are reinvested locally.

Bu «to what extent do you agree» tipidagi savollar uchun juda mos.

Namunalar

  • Technology improves education, as long as teachers are properly trained. Texnologiya ta’limni yaxshilaydi, toki o‘qituvchilar yetarli tayyorgarlikka ega bo‘lsa.

O‘xshashlaridan farqi

  • unless — provided that = ijobiy shart; unless = inkor shart
  • the first conditional — provided that = if, lekin cheklov ohangi kuchliroq
To‘liq sahifasi

Maqsad — Purpose

1 ta
Grammatika Daraja Ma’nosi Qo‘shilishi Namuna O‘xshashlari
in case ★☆☆ 5 ehtiyot chorasi — «... bo‘lib qolsa deb, oldindan» S + V + in case + S + V (present) Cities are building flood defences in case sea levels rise faster than expected. Shaharlar dengiz sathi kutilganidan tez ko‘tarilishi ehtimoliga qarshi to‘g‘onlar qurmoqda. the first conditional
Batafsil — namunalar, farqi, xatolar

Shakl qoidasi

in case + present simple — kelasi zamon ishlatilmaydi. ⚠️ in case ≠ if: if = shart bajarilgach qilamiz; in case = shart bajarilishi mumkinligi uchun oldindan qilamiz.

Izoh — qachon ishlatiladi

Take an umbrella in case it rains = yomg‘ir yog‘masidan OLDIN olib chiqasiz. Take an umbrella if it rains = yog‘gandan keyin olasiz. Bu farq Listening’da savol bo‘lib keladi.

Namunalar

  • Cities are building flood defences in case sea levels rise faster than expected. Shaharlar dengiz sathi kutilganidan tez ko‘tarilishi ehtimoliga qarshi to‘g‘onlar qurmoqda.

O‘xshashlaridan farqi

To‘liq sahifasi

Baho va munosabat — Attitude

1 ta
Grammatika Daraja Ma’nosi Qo‘shilishi Namuna O‘xshashlari
I wish / if only ★☆☆ 5 afsus va orzu — «... bo‘lganida edi» I wish + past simple / past perfect If only more people had taken the warnings seriously. Koshki ko‘proq odam ogohlantirishlarni jiddiy qabul qilganida. the third conditional
Batafsil — namunalar, farqi, xatolar

Shakl qoidasi

Hozirgi holatga afsus: wish + past simple (I wish I had more time) · O‘tmishga afsus: wish + past perfect (I wish I had studied harder) · Boshqa odamning xatti-harakatidan norozilik: wish + would.

Izoh — qachon ishlatiladi

Speaking Part 2 da hikoyani chuqurlashtiradi: I wish I had known about the scholarship earlier. Writing’da esa kam ishlating — shaxsiy ohangi bor.

⚠️ Tez-tez qilinadigan xato

❌ I wish I would have studied → ✅ I wish I had studied.

Namunalar

  • If only more people had taken the warnings seriously. Koshki ko‘proq odam ogohlantirishlarni jiddiy qabul qilganida.

O‘xshashlaridan farqi

To‘liq sahifasi