Grammar bank · Grammatika bazasi

116 grammar patterns for IELTS — meaning, where it attaches, examples and the near-synonyms you keep mixing up.

Qanday ishlatiladi: bitta grammatikani qidirsangiz — yuqoridagi qidiruvdan yozing. Bir-biriga o‘xshash grammatikalarni solishtirish uchun “Ma’nosi bo‘yicha” ko‘rinishiga o‘ting: bir xil ma’noli barcha shakllar (masalan, hamma sabab grammatikalari) yonma-yon turadi. Har qatordagi “Batafsil” ni bosing — namunalar, farqi va tez-tez qilinadigan xatolar ochiladi.
Ko‘rinish
Turi bo‘yicha Ma’nosi bo‘yicha (sinonimlar)
Band daraja
Band 5 5 Band 5.5 15 Band 6 25 Band 6.5 31 Band 7 22 Band 7.5+ 18
Ma’no guruhi
Sabab — Cause 2 Natija — Result & consequence 3 Qarama-qarshilik — Contrast 5 Qarshi qo‘yish — Concession 3 Shart — Condition 8 Vaqt va ketma-ketlik — Time & sequence 15 Maqsad — Purpose 3 Qiyoslash — Comparison 7 O‘zgarish va tendensiya — Trend & change 2 Daraja va miqdor — Degree & quantity 10 Ehtiyotkor fikr — Hedging 5 Ta’kid — Emphasis 5 Misol keltirish — Exemplification 1 Umumlashtirish — Summarising 1 Ishora va o‘rin bosish — Reference 3 Sanash va qo‘shish — Listing & addition 4 Taxmin — Speculation 3 Majburiyat va ruxsat — Obligation 7 Imkoniyat — Possibility & ability 1 Ko‘chirma gap — Reported speech 2 Baho va munosabat — Attitude 1 Gap bo‘lagi — Sentence element 25
Grammatik turi
Zamonlar — Tenses & aspect 14 Modal fe’llar — Modals 12 Ergash gaplar — Clauses 12 Shart gaplar — Conditionals 11 Majhul nisbat va nominalizatsiya — Passive 8 Artikl va aniqlovchilar — Articles & determiners 11 Predloglar — Prepositions 11 Qiyoslash shakllari — Comparison 9 Fe’l qoliplari — Gerunds & infinitives 8 Bog‘lash vositalari — Linking & cohesion 12 Murakkab tuzilmalar — Advanced structures 8
5 / 116 shown Filtrlarni tozalash

Predloglar — Prepositions

5 ta
Grammatika Daraja Ma’nosi Qo‘shilishi Namuna O‘xshashlari
at (a rate / a level of) ★★☆ 4 qayd etilgan daraja — «... darajasida, ... tezlikda» stood at / peaked at / at a rate of Unemployment remained at around 5% throughout the period. Ishsizlik butun davr davomida taxminan 5% darajasida qoldi. increase by / increase to
Batafsil — namunalar, farqi, xatolar

Shakl qoidasi

stand at · peak at · remain at · at a rate of — hammasi at oladi, chunki bu nuqta, harakat emas.

Izoh — qachon ishlatiladi

Task 1 da raqamni takrorlamasdan kiritishning eng qulay yo‘li: Consumption stood at 40 units in 2000 and peaked at 75 units a decade later.

Namunalar

  • Unemployment remained at around 5% throughout the period. Ishsizlik butun davr davomida taxminan 5% darajasida qoldi.

O‘xshashlaridan farqi

To‘liq sahifasi
due to / owing to / because of ★★★ 4 sabab — «... tufayli, ... sababli» (otdan oldin) due to / because of + noun / -ing Owing to a lack of investment, the rail network deteriorated steadily. Sarmoya yetishmagani tufayli temir yo‘l tarmog‘i asta-sekin yomonlashdi. because / since / as result in / result from thanks to
Batafsil — namunalar, farqi, xatolar

Shakl qoidasi

Uchalasi ham ot yoki -ing oladi, gap emas: ✅ due to the increase in fuel prices · ❌ due to fuel prices increased. Gap kerak bo‘lsa: because / since / due to the fact that.

Izoh — qachon ishlatiladi

Nozik farq: due to qat’iy grammatikada be dan keyin keladi (The delay was due to heavy rain), owing to esa butun gapga bog‘lanadi. Imtihonda ikkalasi ham qabul qilinadi, lekin owing to yozma uslubda ko‘proq ball beradi.

⚠️ Tez-tez qilinadigan xato

❌ Because of the traffic is heavy, I was late → ✅ Because the traffic was heavy… yoki ✅ Because of the heavy traffic…

Namunalar

  • Owing to a lack of investment, the rail network deteriorated steadily. Sarmoya yetishmagani tufayli temir yo‘l tarmog‘i asta-sekin yomonlashdi.

O‘xshashlaridan farqi

To‘liq sahifasi
an increase in / an impact on ★★★ 4 ot + predlog juftlari — «... dagi o‘sish», «... ga ta’sir» noun + in/on/of/to + noun The policy had a significant impact on air quality in the city centre. Bu siyosat shahar markazidagi havo sifatiga sezilarli ta’sir ko‘rsatdi. nominalisation adjective + preposition
Batafsil — namunalar, farqi, xatolar

Shakl qoidasi

Yodlanadigan juftlar: an increase / a rise / a fall / a decline in · an impact / an effect / pressure on · a solution / an approach / access to · the cause / the number / the proportion of · a reason for.

Izoh — qachon ishlatiladi

Nominalizatsiya bilan birga ishlatiladi va Task 1 ni takrorlanishdan qutqaradi: There was a sharp increase in demand = Demand increased sharply — bir xil ma’no, boshqa tuzilma.

⚠️ Tez-tez qilinadigan xato

❌ an increase of tourists → ✅ an increase in the number of tourists (an increase of 20% — bu miqdor, boshqa narsa).

❌ impact to the environment → ✅ impact on the environment.

Namunalar

  • The policy had a significant impact on air quality in the city centre. Bu siyosat shahar markazidagi havo sifatiga sezilarli ta’sir ko‘rsatdi.

O‘xshashlaridan farqi

To‘liq sahifasi
adjective + preposition ★★☆ 4 sifat + predlog juftlari — «... uchun javobgar», «... dan xabardor» adj + of/for/to/with/in Industry is responsible for nearly a third of total emissions. Sanoat umumiy chiqindilarning deyarli uchdan bir qismi uchun javobgar. an increase in / an impact on verb + preposition
Batafsil — namunalar, farqi, xatolar

Shakl qoidasi

Eng kerakli juftlar: responsible for · aware of · capable of · similar to · different from · familiar with · dependent on · essential to/for · interested in · concerned about.

Izoh — qachon ishlatiladi

Bularni qoida bilan chiqarib bo‘lmaydi — juft holda yodlanadi. Lug‘at daftaringizga sifatni yolg‘iz emas, predlogi bilan yozing.

⚠️ Tez-tez qilinadigan xato

❌ different than (amerikacha) → Britaniya imtihonida ✅ different from · ❌ responsible of → ✅ responsible for.

Namunalar

  • Industry is responsible for nearly a third of total emissions. Sanoat umumiy chiqindilarning deyarli uchdan bir qismi uchun javobgar.

O‘xshashlaridan farqi

To‘liq sahifasi
verb + preposition ★★★ 4 fe’l + predlog juftlari — «... ga bog‘liq», «... dan iborat» verb + on/of/to/for/with Renewable sources accounted for just under a fifth of electricity generation. Qayta tiklanuvchi manbalar elektr ishlab chiqarishning beshdan biriga yaqinini tashkil qildi. adjective + preposition preposition + -ing
Batafsil — namunalar, farqi, xatolar

Shakl qoidasi

depend on · consist of · contribute to · lead to · account for · benefit from · cope with · rely on · focus on · invest in · suffer from. ⚠️ Predlogdan keyin fe’l kelsa — -ing shaklida.

Izoh — qachon ishlatiladi

account for Task 1 uchun alohida muhim: Coal accounted for 40% of total output. — foizni aytishning eng akademik yo‘li.

⚠️ Tez-tez qilinadigan xato

❌ discuss about the problem → ✅ discuss the problem (predlog kerak emas) · ❌ emphasise on → ✅ emphasise something.

Namunalar

  • Renewable sources accounted for just under a fifth of electricity generation. Qayta tiklanuvchi manbalar elektr ishlab chiqarishning beshdan biriga yaqinini tashkil qildi.
  • The success of the scheme depends largely on public awareness. Loyihaning muvaffaqiyati ko‘p jihatdan aholining xabardorligiga bog‘liq.

O‘xshashlaridan farqi

To‘liq sahifasi