non-defining relative clause
izohlovchi ergash gap — qo‘shimcha ma’lumot beradi (vergul bilan)
Qanday yasaladi
, which/who + verb ,
Har doim vergul bilan ajratiladi va that ISHLATILMAYDI: ❌ Tashkent, that is the capital… → ✅ Tashkent, which is the capital…. Butun gapga ishora qilishi ham mumkin: …, which explains the rise.
Namunalar — Examples
Online courses, which have grown rapidly since 2020, reach students in remote areas.
2020-yildan beri jadal o‘sgan onlayn kurslar chekka hududlardagi talabalarga yetib boradi.
Izoh — qachon ishlatiladi
Task 1 uchun ajoyib vosita — raqamga izoh qo‘shadi: The figure peaked in 2008, which coincided with the financial crisis.
Bu «gapga ishora qiluvchi which» Band 7 belgisi, lekin faqat vergul bilan to‘g‘ri ishlatilsa.
⚠️ Tez-tez qilinadigan xato
❌ The number rose sharply which was surprising → vergul qo‘ying: ✅ rose sharply, which was surprising.
O‘xshash shakllar va farqi
| defining relative clause | non-defining = vergul + qo‘shimcha izoh; defining = vergulsiz va ma’noni belgilaydi |
Shu ma’nodagi boshqa grammatikalar — Gap bo‘lagi — Sentence element
defining relative clause T3
preposition + which T6
reduced relative clause T6
that-clause T3
the fact that T5
wh-clause T4
the passive T3
have / get something done T5
nominalisation T6
there is / there are T2
a / an T1
the T2
Hammasini jadvalda solishtirish